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GCSE Edexcel PE > Soc 15: The Structure of the Heart > Flashcards

Soc 15: The Structure of the Heart Flashcards

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1
Q

VO2 max

A

The volume of oxygen an athlete can consume while exercising at maximum capacity

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2
Q

Cusp

A

A triangular fold or flap of heart valvee

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3
Q

Pulmonary

A

To do with he lungs

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4
Q

Vein

A

Tube that carries blood back to the heart

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5
Q

Artery

A

A muscular tube that carries blood away from the heart

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6
Q

Vena Cava

A

Large vein bringing deoxygenated blood into the heart

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7
Q

Venous

A

To do with the vein

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8
Q

Oxygen debt

A

The amount of oxygen needed at the end of a physical activity to break down any lactic acid

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9
Q

Anaerobic exercise

A

Working at a high intensity level without oxygen for energy production

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10
Q

Inspiration

A

Breathing in

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11
Q

Expiration

A

Breathing out

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12
Q

Systole

A

The phase of the heartbeat when the muscle contracts and pumps blood from the chambers of the arteries

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13
Q

Diastole

A

The phase of the heartbeat when the muscle relaxes and lets the chamber fill with blood

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14
Q

Blood Pressure

A

Pressure of the blood against the wall of the blood vessels, especially the arteries

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15
Q

Vasodilation

A

When the veins swell up or dilate; widening the internal diameter (lumen) of the blood vessel to allow increased blood flow

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16
Q

Vasoconstriction

A

When veins shrink down; narrowing the internal diameter (lumen) of the blood vessel to decrease blood flow

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17
Q

Vascular shunting

A

Process that increases blood flow to active areas during exercise by diverting blood away from inactive areas; achieved by vasodilation and vasoconstriction

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18
Q

Immune system

A

The structures and process in your body that stops disease

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19
Q

Thrombokinase

A

Substance involved in blood clotting

20
Q

Serotonin

A

Hormone that triggers the clotting process

21
Q

Plasma

A

The fluid part of blood

22
Q

Cardio-respiratory system

A

The interaction of the heart and lungs to supply oxygen to muscles during exercisd

23
Q

Cardiovascular

A

To do with the heart, blood and blood vessels together

24
Q

Erythrocytes

A

A red blood cell

25
Q

Haemoglobin

A

A red protein in the blood that transports oxygen

26
Q

Anaemia

A

A condition where there is a lack of red blood cells or haemoglobin in the blood

27
Q

Leukocyte

A

White blood cell

28
Q

Pathogen

A

An agent that causes disease, such as virus

29
Q

Antibody

A

Chemical that destroys a pathogen

30
Q

Respiration

A

The movement of the air from outside of the body into the cells within the tissues

31
Q

Diaphragm

A

The primary muscle used in the process of inspiration or inhalation. A dome-shaped sheet of muscle that separates the chest from the rest of the body cavity

32
Q

Trachea

A

The tube that takes air into the chest, also known as the wind pipe

33
Q

Bronchus

A

Tube along which air passes from the trachea into the lungs

34
Q

Bronchioles

A

Smaller branches coming of the bronchi

35
Q

Alveoli

A

Tiny sacs at the end of the bronchioles where gas exchange takes place

36
Q

Haemoglobin

A

A type of protein found in every red blood cell

37
Q

Gaseous exchange

A

The delivery of oxygen from the lungs to the bloodstream and the removal of carbon dioxide from the tissues

38
Q

Capillaries

A

Distributes blood with in the organs

39
Q

What is the aorta

A

The main artery that carries blood away from the heart to the rest of the body

40
Q

Function of the left atrium

A

Receives blood straight from the lungs (oxygenated) which empties into the left ventricle

41
Q

Function of left ventricle

A

Pumps oxygenated blood through aortic valve to the rest of the body

42
Q

Function of the right ventricle

A

Passes blood to the pulmonary artery which sends the blood to the lungs to pick up oxygen

43
Q

Function of the right atrium

A

Receives deoxygenated blood from the rest of the body then empties into the right ventricle.

44
Q

Pulmonary valve

A

Acts as a one way door between the pulmonary artery and the right ventricle

45
Q

Pulmonary artery

A

Carries blood from the right side of the heart to the lungs to get oxygenated

46
Q

Bicuspid valve

A

Allows blood to flow from the left ventricle to the aorta with any back flow of blood

47
Q

Function of the tricuspid valve

A

Opens to Allows blood to flow from right atrium to ventricle and when the ventricle contract they close to prevent any back flow of blood

GCSE Edexcel PE (27 decks)

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