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gcse edexcel pe > Soc 11: The Skeletal System > Flashcards

Soc 11: The Skeletal System Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the five functions for the skeletal system

A
  • Storing Minerals
  • Protection
  • Blood cell production
  • Muscle Attachment
  • Joints for movement
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2
Q

How does the skeletal system protect vital organs

A

Bones can act as cages around important body parts. For example the skull protects the brain, rib cage protects the internal organs including the heart etc. Some sports require extra protection for the safety of the players such as a helmet.

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3
Q

How does the body use the skeletal system for muscle attachment

A

The muscles you need in sport need strong points in the body to attach to. Bones provide the perfect framework. The muscles are attached by tendons. The bones acts as anchors for the muscles to pull on

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4
Q

How does the body use the skeletal system for joints of movements

A

When you look at the skeletal system the body has many points where bones come together to form joints. Joints allow the body to move in a range of different ways. Joints works with muscles and bones to form levers.

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5
Q

How does the body use the skeletal system for storing minerals

A

The skeletal system acts as a store for minerals such as calcium and phosphorous. These are minerals that are vital for developing and maintaining strong, healthy bones.

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6
Q

How does the body use the skeletal system to produce red and white blood cells

A

Some bones have hollow centres that hold bone marrow. Bone marrow makes most of the blood cells in your body. Bone marrow responds to your activity and condition to keep you in good shape. When the amount of red blood cells in your body drop your bone marrow makes more red blood cells.

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7
Q

What is the bone situated on the upper jaw

A

Maxilla

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8
Q

What bone is situated on the lower jaw

A

Mandible

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9
Q

What bone is nicknamed the collar bone

A

Clavicle

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10
Q

Which bone is situated on the middle of the chest

A

Sternum

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11
Q

Which bone is on the upper arm

A

Humerus

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12
Q

Which bone protects the lungs, heart etc.

A

Ribs/Rib cage

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13
Q

Which bone is situated on the hip

A

Pelvis

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14
Q

Which bone is on the outside on the forearm

A

Radius

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15
Q

What bone is on the inside of the forearm

A

Ulna

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16
Q

What bone is on the upper leg

A

Femur

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17
Q

What bone is the kneecap called

A

Patella

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18
Q

What bone is on the upper foot near ankle

A

Tarsals

19
Q

What bone is situated on the mid part of the foot below tarsals

A

Metatarsals

20
Q

What bone is situated on the tip of the toes or tip of the fingers

A

Phalanges

21
Q

What is the official name for the skull

A

Cranium

22
Q

What is the bone situated in the shoulder blades called

A

Scapula

23
Q

What is the flat bone of the upper pelvis called

A

Ilium

24
Q

What are the bones on the upper hand called

A

Carpals

25
Q

What bones are situated in the palm of your hands

A

Metacarpals

26
Q

What bone is situated on inside of the lower leg, shin area

A

Tibia

27
Q

What bone is situated on outside of the lower leg, shin area

A

Fibula

28
Q

What are the classification of bones

A
  • Flat bone
  • Irregular bones
  • Short bones
  • Long bones
29
Q

What are long bones

A

Long bones are longer than they are wide. A long bone has a shaft plus two ends. All limb bones apart from the kneecap are long bones. These bones are vital to generate movement in sports.

30
Q

What are short bones

A

Short bones are all roughly the same size in length, width and thickness. Short bones are usually associated with weight bearing, shock absorption and spreading loads. The only short bones are in the carpals and tarsals.

31
Q

What are flat bones

A

Flat bones usually protect organs and offer good surface for muscles to attach to.

32
Q

What are irregular bones

A

Irregular bones have odd shapes and perform a range of functions. An example is the spine. This bone is meant to be irregular as it protects the spinal cord.

33
Q

What is cartilage

A

A firm connective tissue

34
Q

What is ossification

A

The process of development from cartilage to bone

35
Q

What is a somatotype

A

A body shape or body type.

36
Q

What is the vertebral column

A

A column that consist of 33 bones that are divided into five groups

37
Q

What are the five groups of the vertebral column in order

A
  • Cervical vertebrae
  • Thoracic vertebrae
  • Lumbar vertebrae
  • Sacral vertebrae
  • Coccygeal vertebrae
38
Q

How many bones are in the cervical vertebrae

A

Seven bones

39
Q

How many bone are there in the thoracic vertebrae

A

Twelve bones

40
Q

How many bones are there in the lumbar vertebrae

A

Five bones

41
Q

How many bones are in the sacral vertebrae

A

Five fused bones

42
Q

How many bones are win the coccygeal vertebrae

A

Four fused bones

43
Q

What are the discs in between the bones of the vertebral column called

A

Intervertebral Discs

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