Soc 13: The Muscular System

Question 1

What are voluntary muscles

Answer 1

Voluntary muscles are under your control and you choose when to contract and relax them. All these muscles are attached to the skeleton.

Question 2

What are involuntary muscles

Answer 2

Involuntary muscles aren’t under our control. They contract and relax automatically by the involuntary nervous system. These muscles can be digestive organs, circulatory and urinary systems.

Question 3

What are cardiac muscles

Answer 3

Cardiac muscle is only found in the wall of the heart it is a very specialised type of involuntary muscle. Cardiac muscle is made up of interlaced fibres. These fibres can spread electronic signals from the brain right through the heart so the cells can contract

Question 4

What is the muscle situated in the shoulder

Answer 4

Deltoid

Question 5

What is the muscle situated on the inside of the arm

Answer 5

Biceps

Question 6

What is the muscle situated in the chest

Answer 6

Pectoralis Major

Question 7

What is the muscle situated in the middle of the body

Answer 7

Abdomen

Question 8

What is the muscle situated on both sides of the body

Answer 8

External Obliques

Question 9

Which muscle is situated on the inner thigh

Answer 9

Hip flexors

Question 10

What muscle is situated on the front of the thigh

Answer 10

Quadriceps

Question 11

What muscle is situated on the front of the shin

Answer 11

Tibial is anterior

Question 12

What muscle is situated on the back

Answer 12

Latissimus Dorsi

Question 13

What muscle is situated on the back of the arm

Answer 13

Tricep

Question 14

What muscle is situated on your bottom

Answer 14

Glutes Maximus or Gluteals

Question 15

What muscle is situated on the back of the thigh

Answer 15

Hamstrings

Question 16

What is the calf muscle called

Answer 16

Gastrocnemius

Question 17

What are antagonistic pairs

Answer 17

When one muscle contracts (agonist) the other relaxes (antagonist) to allow the joint to work. E.g. bicep and triceps

Question 18

What are Muscle fibres

Answer 18

Make up voluntary (skeletal) muscles ; divided into type 1, type 2a, type 2x.

Question 19

What are Type 1 muscle fibres

Answer 19

Slow twitch muscle fibres ; suited to low intensity work, e.g. marathon running, as they can be used for a long period without fatiguing.

Question 20

What are type 2a muscle fibres

Answer 20

Fast twitch muscle fibres used in anaerobic work; can be improved through endurance training to increase their resistance to fatigue

Question 21

What are type 2x muscle fibres

Answer 21

Fast twitch muscle fibres used in anaerobic work can generate much greater force than any other fibre types, but fatigue quickly.

Question 22

What is myoglobin

Answer 22

A red pigment that transports oxygen to the muscles

Question 23

Function of deltoid

Answer 23

Move the arm in all directions at the shoulder

Question 24

Function of the pectoralis major

Answer 24

Adduction the arm at the shoulder

Question 25

Function of the latissimus dorsi

Answer 25

Adduct and extend the arm at the shoulder

Question 26

Functions of the biceps

Answer 26

Flex the arm at the elbow

Question 27

Function of the tricep

Answer 27

Extend the arm at the elbow

Question 28

Function of the external obliques

Answer 28

Pull the chest downwards; flex and rotates the spinal column; one side contracting creates a side bend

Question 29

Function of the Gluteals

Answer 29

Adducts and extends the leg at the hips, pull the leg backwards

Question 30

Functions of the hip flexors

Answer 30

Flexes the hip, help move the leg and knee up towards the body

Question 31

Functions of the quadriceps

Answer 31

Extends the leg at the knee

Question 32

Function of the hamstring

Answer 32

Flexes the leg at the knee

Question 33

Function of the gastrocnemius

Answer 33

Point the toes (plantar flexes the ankle), helps flex the knee

Question 34

Function of the tibialis anterior

Answer 34

Pull the toes up towards the shin (dorsi flexes the ankle)