Soc 12: Joints, Movements, Ligaments and Tendons Flashcards
What is a joint
A joint is a place where two or more bones meet. Joints are important for movement and rotation.
What are the classification of joints
- pivot
- hinge
- ball and socket
- condyloid
What are pivot joints
Pivot joints allow bones to rotate. in pivot joint one bone, shaped like a cylinder rotates inside another bone or ligament that makes a ring round it. There are 3 pivot joints in the body : wrist, elbow and neck.
What are hinge joints
A hinge joint is a joint that only allows backwards and forward motions -just like a hinge on a door. There are 3 hinge joints in the body : the knee, elbow and ankle.
What are ball and socket joints
Balls and socket joints have two parts: the ball (the rounded head of a long bone) and the socket (the cup shaped whole where the ball fits in.
What is a condyloid joint
A condyloid joint is similar to a ball and socket joint, but the ball rest rests against the end of a bone.
What is a ligament
A joint that connects bone to bone e.g. the anterior cruciate ligament
What is a tendon
A joint that connects muscle to bone e.g. the Achilles’ tendon in the ankle area
What are the different types of movements
Flexion Extension Adduction Abduction Rotation Circumduction Doris-flexion Plantar flexion
What is flexion
Flexion is a bending movement that decreases the angle between body parts
What are the joints that provide flexion
Shoulder, hip and elbow
What is a sporting example of flexion
Someone doing a bicep curl
What is extension
Straightening movement that increases the angle between body parts
What joints provide extension
Shoulder and hip
What is a sporting example of a extension
A swimmer swings their arm backwards in preparation for a racing dive
