Soc 10: Injuries/ Injuries Prevention Flashcards
Concussion
Concussion is an injury normally caused by a blow to the head and can happen in many sports.
Fracture
A fracture is a broken or a cracked bone that can occur from a blow. There are several types of fractures including:
In closed: the skin over the break is not damaged.
Compound fractures: the broken bone protrudes through the skin.
Simple fracture: take place in one line, with no displacement of the bone. Stress fractures (overuse injuries): They can happen as a result of fatigue.
Dislocation
A dislocation is when a bone at a joint is forced out of its normal position. Often occurs as a result of a hard blow which causes one of the bones to be displaced.
Torn cartilage
It absorbs the impact on the bones while reducing the friction during sports/ activity.
Damage to cartilage often occurs due to wear and tear from long-term overuse.
Sprains
A sprain is a damaged ligament. One of the most common sprains in sport is a twisted ankle.
Soft tissue injury
Joints are where two or more bones meet. They are particular prone injury because movement past the range can tear or pull tendons and ligaments.
Strains
A strain is a twist, pull or tear of a muscle or a tendon (while a sprain is an injury to a ligament).
Most common strains are in the back and the hamstrings
Abrasions
Abrasions or grazes can be caused by friction of the skin against a rough surface e.g. a concrete playground or artificial pitches.
5 injuries to the bone
Greenstick: break only part way accross the bone
Transverse: break straight accross
Impacted: pieces locked into eachother
Comminuted: broken into more then 2 pieces
Oblique: break at an angle
How to prevent injury
- use principles of training
- play to rules and competition
- use protective equipment / clothing
- check equipment and facilities
- warm up and cool down
