Small & Large Bowel Flashcards
small bowel and large bowel can also be called what? * we can replace bowel with what word?
small and large intestines
what is function of small bowel?
break down food and absorb nutrients
the small bowel is about how long? *hint - it is measured in feet
about 20 feet long
what is the longest part of the GI tract?
the SMALL bowel
what are the 3 major sections of the small bowel?
- duodenum
- jejunum
- ileum
what part of small bowel occurs right after stomach/attaches to stomach?
the duodenum
label the missing parts -
what is the last part of small intestine?
ileum
which part of small intestine do the pancreas and bile ducts connect to?
duodenum
via what, do the pancreas and bile ducts connect to the duodenum? *hint - darth Vader
Ampulla of Vater
what is the shortest part of the small intestine? what is longest section?
the duodenum = shortest
the ileum = longest
the _____ part of the small intestine wraps around the pancreas, creating a C shape
duodenum
the duodenum creates what shape?
star, circle, C, or Z
C shape
the _____ makes up the middle part of the small intestine
jejunum
what part of small intestine connects the colon and large bowel to the small bowel/intestine?
ileum - the last part of small intestine
what are the 4 layers of the wall of the small intestine/bowel *note: they’re the same as large intestine/bowel…? -
inner to outer
*hint - similar to esophagus and stomach
innermost = mucosa, then submucosa, muscular, and outermost = serosa
there are also _____, which are finger-like projections that extend into the lumen of the small intestine that also help absorb nutrients
villi
what is the most common pathology of small bowel/intestine cancers?
adenocarcinoma
what lymph nodes does small bowel spread to most commonly (2)
mesenteric and celiac
where does small bowel met to?
liver
what part of small bowel - duodenum, jejunum, ileum - are tumors most common in?
duodenum
the colon and rectum are part of the ___large/small___ bowel
large
T/F: the large bowel contains the rectum
true
T/F: the large bowel contains the colon
true
good anatomy practice - label the following diagram
WORD BANK –>
sigmoid colon, transverse colon, descending colon, ascending colon, rectum, anus, appendix, cecum, gallbladder, liver, stomach, pancreas, esophagus
what are the 4 major parts of the colon?
ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon
colon is used interchangeably for __small/large___ bowel -
large bowel
the colon is how long? *hint measured in feet, shorter than small intestine
about 5 feet
how are the parts of the colon named?
how food passes through them
at what point, does the transverse colon turn into the descending colon?
at the splenic flexure
where does the ascending colon turn into the transverse colon?
hepatic flexure
what part of colon is located on right side of body? left side of body? across the body?
RT = ascending colon
ACROSS = transverse colon
LT = descending colon
what shape is sigmoid colon in?
star, S, C or T
S shape
what part of large bowel connects to rectum?
sigmoid colon
the ___ is connected to the anus
rectum
what body part is the last 6 inches of the digestive tract?
rectum
is the anus a part of the digestive tract? YES or NO
NO, rectum is though
the ring shaped muscles that surround the anus are called what?
Sphincter
the Sphincter controls _______ movements
bowel
polyps are risk factor of large or small bowel -
large bowel
Anal cancers have what pathology? adenocarcinoma or squamous
squamous !!!!!!! note - it’s different than large bowel… anus is not part of large bowel
large bowel has what pathology? - adenocarcinoma or squamous
adenocarcinoma
large bowel spreads and mets spreads to where?
mainly direct extension spread 1st, then if it mets it will go to Liver
T/F: the following are lymphatics associated with cancer of Large Bowel
true
_______ are growths on the inner lining of the colon and rectum. That have the potential to change into cancer
polyps
what are the most common types of polyps to turn into cancer?
adenomatous polyps; “adenomas”
what lymph nodes does the RT colon drain into?
ileocecal and RT colic nodes
what lymph nodes does the LT colon drain into?
midcolic, inferior mesenteric, and LT colic nodes
what lymph nodes does the sigmoid colon drain into mainly?
inferior mesenteric nodes
what lymph nodes does the middle and lower rectum drain into?
internal iliac nodes
what lymph nodes does the lower rectal and anal canal drain into?
inguinal nodes
