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Laura Nappi online course > Imaging Procedures > Flashcards

Imaging Procedures Flashcards

1
Q

IGRT stands for what?

A

Image Guided Radiotherapy

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2
Q

IGRT images the patient ___after/prior___ to treatment

A

prior

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3
Q

IGRT is a way to confirm what?

A

patient positioning

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4
Q

MV and kV sources are calibrated to the same __________

A

isocenter

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5
Q

____ imaging =

-image patient on table prior to treatment
-after imaging, shifts are made prior to beam on

A

online imaging

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6
Q

______ imaging =

-images are reviewed after trt
-example is when rad onc looks at images after trt

A

offline imaging

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7
Q

EPID stands for what?

A

electronic portal imaging devices

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8
Q

EPID took the place of what old technique?

A

developing/exposing films

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9
Q

what allows us to image and see those images instantly?

A

EPID

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10
Q

what does OBI stand for?

A

On Board Imaging

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11
Q

what does ODI stand for?

A

Optical Distance Indicator - projects our SSD numbers

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12
Q

with ____ we can image bone, soft tissue, fiducial markers and compare them to sim images in order to ensure proper positioning

A

IGRT

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13
Q

2D images are like ______ or ______ and can be compared to DRRs
– whereas 3D images are like our _______ which are compared to CT

A

MV ports or kV imaging = 2D

CBCT = 3D

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14
Q

overall, IGRT reduces _______ uncertainties and reduces the chance of a geometrical miss of the tumor

A

set-up

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15
Q

IGRT allows for a smaller ____. Which leads to fewer trt complications and allows for an increased dose to tumor

A

PTV

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16
Q

modern LINACs have 2 types of imaging systems being ____ and _____

A

kV and MV

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17
Q

the following is describing MV or kV ?

-conventional xray tube and flat panel detector

A

kV

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18
Q

the following is describing MV or kV ?

-uses same trt source (ie. source comes from trt head)
-has panel detector opposite of LINAC trt head

A

MV

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19
Q

T/F: both the KV arms and MV panel are retractable

A

TRUE

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20
Q

MV stands for _______

A

megavoltage

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21
Q

kV stands for __________

A

kilovoltage

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22
Q

port films/portal imaging is MV or kV?

A

MV

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23
Q

comparing kV and MV… which has poorer image quality?

A

MV

24
Q

why does MV have poorer image quality than kV?

A

mainly due to Compton Scatter from the MV source (trt head)

25
Q

___ images are required for 3D plans

A

MV

26
Q

MV images are required for 3D plans and are considered _________ documents

A

legal

27
Q

what exposure types does MV imaging have? (2)

A

-single open port
and
-double exposure

28
Q

the following is describing MV single open port or double?

-takes one port w/ MLCs and whatever other beam shaping devices may be in place, and then ANOTHER open port to view more anatomy

A

double

29
Q

the following is describing MV single open port or double?

-takes a port with no MLCs or beam shaping devices

A

single beam open

30
Q

MV images (single open port and double) are taken in what view?

A

BEV (beam’s eye view)

31
Q

BEV stands for what?

A

Beam’s Eye View

32
Q

why does it make sense that an MV image is in BEV?

A

MV source comes from trt head

33
Q

a _______ exposure port film is required minimum of how often for both 3D and complex plans?

A

double exposure port film is required minimum of once a wk for both 3D and complex plans!!!
- considered a legal document

34
Q

the following is describing MV or kV ?

-acquired in orthogonal pairs

A

kV

35
Q

kV imaging is used for _____scopy

A

fluoroscopy

36
Q

_________ = real-time imaging to show patient motion; an xray imaging procedure that takes a realtime video showing movement within the body

A

fluoroscopy

37
Q

_____ _____ = orthogonal pair of 2D images; 90 degrees apart = orthogonal

A

kV pair

38
Q

which has BETTER image quality between an MV and kV image

A

kV

39
Q

which is good for bony anatomy?

-CBCT
-kV
-MV

A

kV

40
Q

the kV source is located ___ degrees from the MV source and MV panel

A

90

41
Q

the kV source is located ___ degrees from it’s detector panel

A

180

42
Q

what types of CBCTs are there? (2)

A

kv-CBCT

MV-CBCT

43
Q

which is most common CBCT? (kv vs. MV)

A

kv-CBCT

44
Q

the following is describing MV or kV CBCT?

-best for soft tissue matching
-higher contrast
-more photoelectric effect

A

kV-CBCT

45
Q

what energies does kV-CBCT use typically?

(kVp)

A

30-140 kVp

46
Q

what energies does MV-CBCT use typically?

(MV)

A

1-6 MV

47
Q

_____ utilizes 3D technique/effect alongside kV or MV source(s)

A

CBCT

48
Q

CBCTs are gotten by ________around the patient, unlike a stationary 2D image

A

rotating

49
Q

CBCTs are reconstructed in the ____, _____, and ____ planes for imaging

A

axial
sagittal
coronal

50
Q

which CBCT (kV or MV) acquires images with LESS artifacts when imaging patients with metal

A

MV-CBCT; MV

51
Q

the following is describing MV or kV CBCT?

-lower contrast
-best for imaging high Z # materials
-more Compton scatter

A

MV-CBCT
**the Compton scatter is what ultimately lowers the image contrast

52
Q

___-CBCT has higher contrast whereas __-CBCT has lower contrast

A

MV-CBCT= lower contrast

kV-CBCT = higher contrast

53
Q

MV or kV -CBCT is often seen with tomo units

A

MV-CBCT

54
Q

MV-CBCT Compton scatter basically ____ out any metal artifacts

A

blurs

55
Q

describe tomotherapy unit -

A

basically CT scanner and radiation trt machine in one

56
Q

label the following as kV or MV images -

A

A = kV
B = MV

Laura Nappi online course (54 decks)

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