Lymphomas Flashcards
Lymphatic system is part of the _____ system
immune
Lymphatic system is a network of ____ and ____
vessels and nodes
lymph nodes _____ foreign substances, and fight ______
filter foreign substances and fight infections
lymph _____ are networks that connect lymph nodes
lymph vessels connect lymph nodes
T/F: lymph nodes are located throughout the body
true
lymph fluid contain what blood cell?
WBC - to help fight infection
what are the 2 types of lymphocytes?
B and T
B or T cell lymphocytes destroy germs?
T cell *KILLER T
B or T cell lymphocytes create antibodies?
B cell *B = BODIES
the lymphatic system is made of cells called ____ which are type of ____ blood cell
lymphocytes; type of white blood cells
where are major sites of lymph tissue? (6)
spleen, bone marrow, thymus, adenoids, tonsils, and digestive tract
what do spleen and bone marrow have in common?
they both create lymphocytes
the ____ helps develop T cells
thymus
____ and ____ are a collection of lymph nodes in the throat
adenoids and tonsils
T/F: lymphoma can occur almost anywhere?
true
what are the 2 main types of lymphoma?
Hodgkins Lymphoma and Non-Hodgkins Lymphoma
what is the main histopathology of Hodgkin’s Lymphoma?
-cHL = Classic Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
-subtypes of Classic: Nodular sclerosis, Mixed cellularity, Lymphocyte rich, Lymphocyte depleted
What staging system do lymphomas use?
Ann Arbor
__ symptoms describe fever, night sweats, and 10% weight loss within six months
B symptoms
what is common spread for Hodgkins Lymphoma?
through the lymph system
is Hodgkins or Non-Hodgkins more likely to spread distantly?
NHL
where is 1st, 2nd, and 3rd distant place Hodgkins lymphoma would spread to?
Liver -> lungs -> bone
Hodgkin’s lymphoma can (like NHL) can occur anywhere in body, however where is HL most common to start? Upper or Lower body
Upper - like chest, neck, or underarm area
which has a predictable, contiguous (direct) spread? NHL or HL
HL
contiguous spread means what?
direct spread/invasion
Ann Arbor staging uses the ______ as a point of reference for staging
diaphragm
according to Ann Arbor, stages 1 and 2 are limited to areas ___above/below___ the diaphragm
above
according to Ann Arbor, stages 3 and 4 are limited to areas ___above/below___ the diaphragm
below
which means there are NO symptoms - A or B
A; Asymptomatic
which means THERE ARE symptoms - A or B
B
what are examples of B symptoms
fever, night sweat, 10% weight loss
if a patient has A or B symptoms, which is considered a worse prognosis?
B
the ______ infection increases chance of getting Hodgkins Lymphoma
Epstein Barr Infection; EBV
what is common chemo to treat Hodgkins Lymphoma?
ABVD (current gold standard); MOPP (original trt)
which chemo combo is considered the current gold standard for treating Hodgkins lymphoma?
ABVD
Hodgkin’s lymphoma is differentiated from Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma how?
HL has Reed Sternberg cells (RS)
whereas NHL does NOT have RS cells
________ are abnormal lymphocytes that are bi-nucleate (have 2 nucleus)
Reed Sternberg cells
what is the most common type/histopathology of Hodgkin’s lymphoma?
Classic
what is the most common subtype of Classic Hodgkin’s Lymphoma?
Nodular sclerosis (NS)
what is common radiation field(s) used for Hodgkin’s Lymphoma?
Mantle field (treats lymph nodes in chest, neck, and axilla) or Inverted Y (treats lymph nodes in abdomen, pelvis, and spleen)
if both mantle and inverted Y are to be treated, what do we call it?
Total Nodal Irradiation (TNI)
what is the histopathology of NHL?
B cell lymphoma or T cell lymphoma
NHL uses Ann Arbor staging with what classification?
Lugano classification
what is common spread for NHL?
through lymph system
which one, HL or NHL, spreads randomly and in no specific order?
NHL
which lymphoma is likely to occur in the following areas -
lymph nodes, GI tract/peyers patches, and Waldeyer’s ring
NHL
which lymphoma - HL or NHL, is more common in older patients?
NHL
what chemo combo is used to treat NHL?
CHOP
which NHL is most common T cell or B cell?
B cell
NHL can be classified by their _________
aggressiveness
describe spread of an indolent lymphoma -
spread and grow slowly, might not need treatment right away, fewer symptoms
what is most common aggressive lymphoma?
diffuse large B cell lymphoma
Lugano system is based 1-4 and an ___ is added when organs outside the lymphatic system are involved
E
