Skin Occ Meds Flashcards
Trichloroethylene + alcohol can cause what disease?
Degreaser’s flush
What chemical causes Raynaud’s, Acro-osteolysis, scleroderma (R.A.S)?
Polyvinyl chloride
Most common occupational skin disease is?
Irritant dermatitis:
70-80% exposed to irritants
20-30% from exposed to allergens
Atopic workers at increased risk for allergic or irritant contact dermatitis ?
Irritant contact dermatitis
Cement is acidic or alkalic?
Alkaline, contains calcium oxide or hydroxide.
In wet cement workers, cement cause irritant dermertitis:
The wetness of cement macerates skin. The alkaline (high PH) irritant to skin
Allergic contact dermatitis is which type of allergy?
Type 4- Delayed hypersensitivity allergy with cellular immunity (like PPD reaction)
eg. Poison Ivy, skin rash 2-3 days later after exposed to poison Ivy.
Nickel dermatitis
Shoe dermatitis
Which type of allergy is contact urticaria?
Type 1 allergy (IgE mediated)
- or non-immunologic (Histamine release )
Hives immediately (often seconds to minutes) after direct contact.
Anaphylaxis is possible.
eg. Latex rubber glove allergy.
Exposure to what agent can cause chloracne ?
Halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons, including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dioxins, dive zodiac, and organochlorine pesticides
Cement worker has allergic dermertitis, most likely the cause?
Hexavalent Chromium
Hydrofluoric acid
- Exposure to Diluted (10-20% ) concentrations can actually be more dangerous than contact higher concentration. Symptoms may be delayed for several hours leading to delayed diagnosis and treatment.
- The fluoride ion of HF readily penetrates skin, causing Soft tissue necrosis and bony decalcification.
- Onset of pain is related to acid concentration:
- pain is immediate after contact with >50%
- delayed up to 6 hours after contact with 20-50% HF
- up to 24 hours after contact with <20% HF
- calcium gluconate gel- antidote
Worker of what occupation are at greatest risk of occupational dermatitis?
- Synthetic resin manufacturing industry - 8%
- tanneries - 4%
- oil refining - 3%
- automobile manufacturing industry - 0.4%
The chronological order of skin response after acute radiation exposure ?
Erythema, dry desquamation, moist desquamation, recovery
Or termed:
Reddening, peeling, blistering, recovery