Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BIOL 1410 > Skeletal System (Questions - EXAM #2) > Flashcards

Skeletal System (Questions - EXAM #2) Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two types of bone tissue?

A

Compact bone and spongy bone.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the structural unit of compact bone?

A

The osteon.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Name the components of an osteon.

A

Lamellae, lacunae (with osteocytes), canaliculi, central canal, and perforating canal.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the purpose of canaliculi in compact bone?

A

They connect osteocytes to each other and to the blood supply.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What structure in spongy bone contains bone marrow?

A

Spaces within trabeculae.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

In anatomical position, how are the feet, face, and palms oriented?

A

Feet, face, and palms are forward.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What directional terms describe “toward the body’s midline” and “away from the midline”?

A

Medial (toward midline) and lateral (away from midline).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the two divisions of the skeletal system?

A

The axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Which bones form the axial skeleton?

A

Skull, hyoid bone, vertebral column, and thoracic cage.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What structures are included in the appendicular skeleton?

A

Pectoral and pelvic girdles, upper and lower limbs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the three main bone groupings of the skull?

A

Cranium, facial bones, and auditory ossicles.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How many cranial bones are there, and name one.

A

There are eight cranial bones, one example is the frontal bone.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which two bones form the hard palate?

A

The palatine bones and maxillae.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Does the hyoid bone articulate with other bones?

A

No, it does not articulate with other bones.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the function of the hyoid bone?

A

It assists in swallowing and attaches muscles of the tongue and neck.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How many vertebrae are in the vertebral column, and how are they divided?

A

26 vertebrae divided into cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum, and coccyx regions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Which vertebrae allows the “yes” nodding motion?

A

C1 (Atlas) allows the “yes” nodding motion.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Which vertebra has a dens for the “no” rotation motion?

A

C2 (Axis) has a dens (odontoid process) for rotation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the three parts of the sternum?

A

Manubrium, body, and xiphoid process.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

How many pairs of ribs are there, and which are considered “floating ribs”?

A

12 pairs of ribs; the 11th and 12th pairs are floating ribs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What two bones make up the pectoral girdle?

A

Clavicle and scapula.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What part of the scapula articulates with the head of the humerus?

A

The glenoid cavity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What three bones form each hip bone (os coxae)?

A

Ilium, ischium, and pubis.

24
Q

What joint connects the pubic bones at the front of the pelvis?

A

The pubic symphysis.

25
Q

What bones make up the arm and forearm?

A

Humerus, radius (lateral), and ulna (medial).

26
Q

What bones make up the thigh and leg?

A

Femur, patella, tibia (medial), and fibula (lateral).

27
Q

What is the shaft of a long bone called?

A

Diaphysis.

28
Q

Where does bone growth in length occur?

A

At the epiphyseal plate.

29
Q

What is the function of the medullary cavity?

A

It contains red marrow in children and yellow marrow in adults.

30
Q

What type of cartilage covers the ends of long bones at joints?

A

Articular cartilage (hyaline cartilage).

31
Q

What defines an articulation or joint in the skeletal system?

A

It’s the point of contact between two or more bones.

32
Q

What are the two main classifications of joints?

A

Structural and functional classifications.

33
Q

On what two factors is structural classification of joints based?

A

Presence or absence of a joint cavity and the type of connective tissue joining the bones.

34
Q

What are the three types of structural joints?

A

Fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial joints.

35
Q

Do fibrous joints have a joint cavity?

A

No, they do not have a joint cavity.

36
Q

What type of tissue connects bones in fibrous joints?

A

Fibrous connective tissue.

37
Q

Give an example of a fibrous joint.

A

Sutures in the skull.

38
Q

What connects bones in cartilaginous joints?

A

Cartilage.

39
Q

Name an example of a cartilaginous joint.

A

They have a joint cavity and allow free movement.

40
Q

What are synovial joints known for?

A

They have a joint cavity and allow free movement.

41
Q

What is the function of the articular cartilage in synovial joints?

A

It reduces friction between articulating bones.

42
Q

What fills the joint cavity in synovial joints?

A

Synovial fluid.

43
Q

Describe the layers of the articular capsule in synovial joints.

A

The outer fibrous capsule attaches to the periosteum, and the inner synovial membrane secretes synovial fluid.

44
Q

What type of movement is allowed by plane or gliding joints?

A

Sliding movements along flat surfaces.

45
Q

Give an example of a plane or gliding joint.

A

The sacroiliac joint.

46
Q

What structure characterizes a hinge joint?

A

It has concave and convex surfaces that allow bending and straightening movements.

47
Q

Name two examples of hinge joints.

A

Elbow and knee joints.

48
Q

What is a pivot joint, and provide an example.

A

A joint with a projection fitting into a ring, such as the dens (on axis) in the atlas.

49
Q

What type of joint allows the greatest range of movement?

A

The ball and socket joint.

50
Q

Give two examples of ball and socket joints.

A

The shoulder joint (humerus in the glenoid fossa) and hip joint (femur in the acetabulum).

51
Q

What is functional classification of joints based on?

A

The degree of movement allowed.

52
Q

What are the three types of functional joints?

A

Synarthrotic, amphiarthrotic, and diarthrotic.

53
Q

Define a synarthrotic joint and give an example.

A

A joint that is immovable, such as the sutures in the skull.

54
Q

What is an amphiarthrotic joint, and give an example.

A

A slightly movable joint, like the pubic symphysis.

55
Q

Describe a diarthrotic joint and provide an example.

A

A freely movable joint, such as the hip or shoulder.

BIOL 1410 (26 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions