Introducrion To Anatomy

Question 1

What is Anatomy?

Answer 1

• study of internal and external body structure.
• relationships between structures (e.g. Bone and Muscles)

Question 2

What are the subdivisions?

Answer 2

1) Microanatomy
2) Gross Anatomy

Question 3

Microanatomy

Answer 3

• microscope required
  
  • cytology is the study of internal structures of individual cells
  • histology is the study of tissues (group of cells)

Question 4

Gross Anatomy

Answer 4

• visible to the eye
• e.g. bone, heart, stomach, etc.
• body cavities (e.g. cranial, thoracic, abdomen pelvic )

Question 5

What are the Levels of Organization? (Simple to complex)

Answer 5

1) Chemical level (basic level)
2) Cellular level
3) Tissue level
4) Organ level
5) Organ system Level
6) Organism
* This is a Hierarchy - each level contains those below *

Question 6

Chemical level

Answer 6

• atoms (Hydrogen (H) and Oxygen (O) atoms)
• atoms join to form molecules ( H2O = Water)

Question 7

Cellular level

Answer 7

• molecules form organelles which form cells
• cells are the basic unit of structure and function of the body
• all cells contain chemicals, but the function of different types of cells may differ (e.g. erythrocytes (red blood cells), neurons, muscle cells)

Question 8

Tissue level

Answer 8

• a group of structurally similar cells with a common function
• 4 major types:
  
  • Epithelial
  • Connective tissue
  • Muscle
  • Nervous

Question 9

Organ level

Answer 9

• Two or more tissues working together for a common function.
  
  • e.g. stomach
  • is made up of all four major tissues
  • function is digestion

Question 10

Organ system level

Answer 10

• several related organs that work together to accomplish a common purpose
  
  • e.g. respiratory system
    
    • lungs, larynx, trachea, and other organs
    • function is respiration

Question 11

Organism

Answer 11

• All system function together to maintain life