Body Cavities, Organs & Membranes (EXAM #2)

Question 1

What are Body Cavities?

Answer 1

• Enclosed spaces that house and protect organs. Include:
  
  1. Dorsal Body Cavity
  2. Ventral Body Cavity

Question 2

Dorsal Body Cavity

Answer 2

• Cranial (head) cavity → Brain
• Vertebral cavity → Spinal Cord

Question 3

Ventral Body Cavity

Answer 3

• Thoracic (chest) cavity
  
  • Pericardial cavity → Heart
  • Pleural cavity → Lungs
• Abdominal cavity → Digestive Organs
• Pelvic cavity → houses urinary bladder, reproductive organs, rectum

Question 4

What is the Overview of Organs?

Answer 4

• Organs consist of two or more tissue types
• Many organs contain all 4 major tissue types (Epithelial, Connective, Muscle, Nervous)

Question 5

What is the Overview of Membranes?

Answer 5

• Consist of 1 or 2 tissue types (Connective tissue with or without an epithelial tissue attached)
• Line the inner and outer surfaces of the body and its organs

Question 6

What are the Membranes Types?

Answer 6

1. Mucous Membranes (Mucosa)
2. Serous Membranes (Serosa)
3. Synovial Membranes
4. Cutaneous Membranes

Question 7

Mucous Membranes (Mucosa)

Answer 7

• Line cavities of organs that open directly to the body exterior
• Also called the mucosa of the… (e.g. digestive, respiratory, urinary, reproductive systems)
• 2 layers:
  
  1. Epithelial layer in contact with the lumen of the organ
  2. Lamina propria = Connective tissue layer that connects the epithelial tissue to the wall of the organ

Question 8

Epithelial layer in contact with the lumen of the organ

Answer 8

• Avascular
• Many have goblet cells

Question 9

Serous Membranes (Serosa) (PART 2)

Answer 9

• The epithelial layers secrete serous fluid into the serous cavity (slippery)
• Named the location:
  
  • Pericardium → heart
  • Pleura → lung
    
    • e.g. parietal & visceral pleura
  • Peritoneum → abdominal organs

Question 10

Lamina propria = Connective tissue layer that connects the epithelial tissue to the wall of the organ

Answer 10

• Made of loose areolar connective tissue, and therefore vascular
• Nourishes epithelial cells

Question 11

Serous Membranes (Serosa)

Answer 11

• Line body cavities (i.e. closed cavities that DO NOT open to the exterior i.e. abdominal and thoracic cavities)
• Also covers external surfaces of organs in these cavities
• Double layered membranes with each each layer composed of a simple epithelium bound to an areolar connective tissue
  
  • Parietal layer → against cavity wall
  • Visceral layer → against organ

Question 12

Synovial Membranes

Answer 12

• In joints
• Areolar connective tissue, no epithelium
• Only ONE tissue type! Therefore NOT an organ

Question 13

Cutaneous Membranes

Answer 13

• Skin
  
  • Epithelium = stratified squamous (named the epidermis)
  • Connective tissue = areolar and dense irregular (named the dermis)