Body Cavities, Organs & Membranes (Questions - EXAM #2) Flashcards
What are body cavities?
Enclosed spaces that house and protect organs.
What are the two main types of body cavities?
Dorsal body cavity and ventral body cavity.
What are the components of the dorsal body cavity?
Cranial (head) cavity and vertebral cavity.
Which organ is housed in the cranial cavity?
The brain.
What is housed in the vertebral cavity?
The spinal cord.
What are the subdivisions of the ventral body cavity?
Thoracic cavity, abdominal cavity, and pelvic cavity.
What organs are found in the pericardial and pleural cavities?
The heart is in the pericardial cavity, and the lungs are in the pleural cavity.
What organs are housed in the abdominal cavity?
Digestive organs
What organs are found in the pelvic cavity?
The urinary bladder, reproductive organs, and rectum.
What defines an organ?
An organ consists of two or more tissue types.
How many major tissue types can an organ contain?
Many organs contain all four major tissue types: epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous.
What are membranes composed of?
Membranes consist of one or two tissue types, typically connective tissue with or without an attached epithelial tissue.
What surfaces do membranes line?
Membranes line the inner and outer surfaces of the body and its organs.
Where are mucous membranes found?
They line cavities of organs that open directly to the exterior, such as the digestive, respiratory, urinary, and reproductive systems.
What are the two layers of mucous membranes?
The epithelial layer and the lamina propria.
What is the function of goblet cells in mucous membranes?
Goblet cells secrete mucus.
Where are serous membranes found?
They line closed body cavities like the abdominal and thoracic cavities.
What is the lamina propria, and what is its role?
The lamina propria is a vascular connective tissue layer that nourishes epithelial cells.
What are the two layers of serous membranes?
The parietal layer (against cavity wall) and the visceral layer (against organ).
What fluid is secreted by serous membranes, and what is its purpose?
Serous fluid, which is slippery and reduces friction.
What are the names of serous membranes based on location?
Pericardium (heart), pleura (lungs), and peritoneum (abdominal organs).
Where are synovial membranes located?
In joints.
What is unique about synovial membranes in terms of tissue type?
They consist of only one tissue type (areolar connective tissue) and have no epithelium
Are synovial membranes considered organs?
No, because they contain only one tissue type.
What type of epithelium makes up the skin?
Stratified squamous epithelium, also known as the epidermis.
What types of connective tissue are found in the skin?
Areolar and dense irregular connective tissue, known as the dermis.
