Skeletal muscle- lower extremity

Question 1

Gluteus maximus- origin, insertion, and action

Answer 1

origin: ilium, sacrum, coccyx
insertion: femur & iliotibial tract (IT band)
action: hip extension

Primary antigravity muscle- as in sitting

Question 2

Gluteus medius- origin, insertion, and action

Answer 2

origin: ilium
insertion: femur
action: hip abduction

Question 3

gluteus minimus- origin, insertion, and action

Answer 3

origin: ilium
insertion: femur
action: hip abduction

Question 4

tensor fasciae latae- origin, insertion, and action

Answer 4

origin: ilium
insertion: IT band [iliotibial tract]
action: tenses iliotibial tract

(stabilizes lateral hip and knee)

Question 5

piriformis- origin, insertion, and action

Answer 5

origin: sacrum
insertion: femur
action: hip lateral rotation

Question 6

What are the primary hip flexors?

Answer 6

Iliopsoas group

1. Iliacus
2. psoas major

Question 7

Iliacus- origin, insertion, and action

Answer 7

origin: ilium
insertion: femur
action: hip flexion

Question 8

Psoas major- origin, insertion, and action

Answer 8

origin: lumbar vertabrae & t12
insertion: femur
action: hip flexion

Question 9

Quadriceps femoris

Answer 9

4 origins of knee [extensor muscles]

rectus femoris
vastus lateralis
vastus intermedius
vastus medialis

Question 10

rectus femoris- origin, insertion, and action

Answer 10

origin: ilium
insertion: tibia
action: extends knee

Question 11

Vastus lateralis- origin, insertion, and action

Answer 11

origin: femur
insertion: tibia
action: extends knee

Question 12

Vastus intermedius- origin, insertion, and action

Answer 12

origin: femur
insertion: tibia
action: extends knee

Question 13

Vastus medialis

Answer 13

origin: femur
insertion: tibia
action: extends knee

Question 14

sartorius

Answer 14

origin: ilium
insertion: tibia
action: lateral rotation of thigh

Question 15

pectineus

Answer 15

origin: pubis
insertion: femur
action: adducts and flexes thigh

Question 16

adductor longus

Answer 16

origin: pubis
insertion: femur
action: adduct and flex thigh

Question 17

adductor magnus

Answer 17

origin: pubis & ischium
insertion: femur
action: adducts thigh

Question 18

Gracilis

Answer 18

origin: pubis
insertion: tibia
action: adducts thigh

[most medial, strap-like muscle of thigh]

Question 19

biceps femoris

Answer 19

origins:
Long head- ischium
short head- femur

insertion: tibia & fibula
action: flexes knee

Question 20

semitendinosus

Answer 20

origin: ischium
insertion: tibia
action: flexes knee

[hotdog]

Question 21

semimembranosus

Answer 21

origin: ischium
insertion: tibia
action: flexes knee

[bun]

Question 22

tibialis anterior

Answer 22

origin: tibia
insertion: metatarsal 1
action: dorsiflexion

Question 23

extensor hallucis longus

Answer 23

origin: fibula
insertion: hallux
action: extends hallux

Question 24

extensor digitorum longus

Answer 24

origin: fibula, part of tibia
insertion: phalanges 2-5
action: extends phalanges

Question 25

peroneus (fibularis) brevis

Answer 25

origin: fibula
insertion: metatarsal 5
action: plantar flexion

Question 26

peroneus (fibularis) longus

Answer 26

origin: fibula
insertion: metatarsal 1
action: plantar flexion

Question 27

gastrocnemius

Answer 27

origin: femur
insertion: calcaneus
action: plantar flexion

Question 28

soleus

Answer 28

origin: fibula & tibia
insertion: calcaneus
action: plantar flexion

Question 29

Of the four quadriceps muscles, the only one that crosses the hip (and can therefore cause movement at the hip) is:

Answer 29

rectus femoris