Myology

Question 1

identify this muscle tissue

Answer 1

skeletal muscle

Question 2

the only body tissue that is consciously controlled within the body is:

Answer 2

skeletal muscle = “voluntary muscle”

Question 3

identify this muscle tissue

Answer 3

cardiac muscle

Question 4

identify this muscle tissue

Answer 4

smooth

Question 5

Rectus [muscle fiber direction]

Answer 5

parallel (straight)

Question 6

transverse/oblique [muscle fiber direction]

Answer 6

muscle fibers have right angles

Question 7

pennate [muscle fiber direction]

Answer 7

feather shaped

ex) rectus femoris

Question 8

fusiform [muscle fiber direction]

Answer 8

spindle shaped

Question 8

maximus VS minimus (muscle size)

Answer 8

largest VS smallest

Question 9

longus VS brevis (muscle size)

Answer 9

long VS short

Question 10

frontalis (muscle location)

Answer 10

covering frontal bone

Question 11

temporalis (muscle location)

Answer 11

temporal bone

Question 12

biceps VS triceps (number of origins)

Answer 12

biceps = 2 heads / origins

triceps = 3 origins

quadriceps = 4 origins

Question 13

deltoid (shape of muscle)

Answer 13

triangular

Question 14

trapezius (muscle shape)

Answer 14

trapezoid

Question 15

95% of muscle’s energy is stored in what molecule?

Answer 15

creatine phosphate

Question 16

muscle tone

Answer 16

constant tension in a resting muscle

Question 17

muscle tone

Answer 17

constant tension in a resting muscle

Question 18

what are the 2 types of muscle contraction?

Answer 18

1. isometric contraction: constant length, tension changing
   ex) holding a weight
2. isotonic contraction: constant tension, length changing
   a. concentric: muscle is shortening
   b: eccentric: muscle is lengthening
   Ex) picking up bag of groceries

Question 19

slow twitch muscle fiber

Answer 19

-slower to contract
-less powerful, but long periods without fatigue
-Aerobic (with oxygen)
-steady power
-endurance

ex) running a marathon

Question 20

fast twitch muscle fiber

Answer 20

-explosive power, short bursts
-anaerobic (don’t need oxygen)
-fatigues easily

ex) powerlifting

Question 21

light VS dark fibers/ “meat”

Answer 21

light- fast glycolytic

dark- slow oxidative; don’t tire easily; need oxygen

Question 22

slow fibers dominate:

Answer 22

postural muscles, like back and calf

Question 23

muscle hypertrophy

Answer 23

increase in fast muscle fiber size

Question 24

muscle atrophy

Answer 24

wasting of muscle that reduces muscle fiber size

-reduced stimulation = reduces size, tone, power

Question 25

identify this muscle type

Answer 25

cardiac

Question 26

identify this muscle type

Answer 26

smooth

Question 27

Identify this

Answer 27

cross section of skeletal muscle

identify myofiber, fascicle, endomysium, perimysium, epimysium

Question 28

Identify this

Answer 28

skeletal muscle cell

characteristics: striated, multinucleate

Question 29

identify this

striated or not?
single or multi nucleate?

where would you find it?

Answer 29

Skeletal muscle

Striated
long, multinucleate cells

found attached to bones via tendons

Question 30

identify this

striated or not?
single or multi nucleate?
where would you find it?

Answer 30

smooth muscle

non-striated
single (mono) nucleate

smooth muscle is found in blood vessels, digestive tract, urinary tract

Question 31

identify this

identify the intercalated discs

Answer 31

Cardiac muscle

striated
mononucleate

found in the heart

intercalated discs are the darker horizontal lines