Myology Flashcards
identify this muscle tissue
skeletal muscle
the only body tissue that is consciously controlled within the body is:
skeletal muscle = “voluntary muscle”
identify this muscle tissue
cardiac muscle
identify this muscle tissue
smooth
Rectus [muscle fiber direction]
parallel (straight)
transverse/oblique [muscle fiber direction]
muscle fibers have right angles
pennate [muscle fiber direction]
feather shaped
ex) rectus femoris
fusiform [muscle fiber direction]
spindle shaped
maximus VS minimus (muscle size)
largest VS smallest
longus VS brevis (muscle size)
long VS short
frontalis (muscle location)
covering frontal bone
temporalis (muscle location)
temporal bone
biceps VS triceps (number of origins)
biceps = 2 heads / origins
triceps = 3 origins
quadriceps = 4 origins
deltoid (shape of muscle)
triangular
trapezius (muscle shape)
trapezoid
95% of muscle’s energy is stored in what molecule?
creatine phosphate
muscle tone
constant tension in a resting muscle
muscle tone
constant tension in a resting muscle
what are the 2 types of muscle contraction?
- isometric contraction: constant length, tension changing
ex) holding a weight - isotonic contraction: constant tension, length changing
a. concentric: muscle is shortening
b: eccentric: muscle is lengthening
Ex) picking up bag of groceries
slow twitch muscle fiber
-slower to contract
-less powerful, but long periods without fatigue
-Aerobic (with oxygen)
-steady power
-endurance
ex) running a marathon
fast twitch muscle fiber
-explosive power, short bursts
-anaerobic (don’t need oxygen)
-fatigues easily
ex) powerlifting
light VS dark fibers/ “meat”
light- fast glycolytic
dark- slow oxidative; don’t tire easily; need oxygen
slow fibers dominate:
postural muscles, like back and calf
muscle hypertrophy
increase in fast muscle fiber size
muscle atrophy
wasting of muscle that reduces muscle fiber size
-reduced stimulation = reduces size, tone, power
identify this muscle type
cardiac
identify this muscle type
smooth
Identify this
cross section of skeletal muscle
identify myofiber, fascicle, endomysium, perimysium, epimysium
Identify this
skeletal muscle cell
characteristics: striated, multinucleate
identify this
striated or not?
single or multi nucleate?
where would you find it?
Skeletal muscle
Striated
long, multinucleate cells
found attached to bones via tendons
identify this
striated or not?
single or multi nucleate?
where would you find it?
smooth muscle
non-striated
single (mono) nucleate
smooth muscle is found in blood vessels, digestive tract, urinary tract
identify this
identify the intercalated discs
Cardiac muscle
striated
mononucleate
found in the heart
intercalated discs are the darker horizontal lines
