Signaling and RTKs

Question 1

Give an example of a lipophilic (hydrophobic) hormone.

Answer 1

Steroid hormones

Question 1

Gefitinib blocks _____ and thus stops downstream signaling.

Answer 1

EGFR kinase activity

Question 2

Give an example of a hydrophilic (lipophobic) hormone.

Answer 2

proteins/peptides/amino acids

Question 3

____ is likely the most extensive node in signaling.

Answer 3

Ca2+

Question 3

Most ______ target signaling molecules.

Answer 3

non-antibiotic drugs

Question 3

Two major classes of signaling molecules are ____ and ____.

Answer 3

lipophilic (hydrophobic) and hydrophilic (lipophobic)

Question 4

____ are points in a network that receive multiple inputs and/or multiple outputs.

Answer 4

Nodes

Question 5

_____ is the target for Sildenafil.

Answer 5

PDE5

Question 6

PDE5 is the target for ______.

Answer 6

Sildenafil

Question 7

Endocrine signaling

Answer 7

hormone is circulated in the bloodstream

Question 7

What drug is an anti-EGFR that blocks the ligand binding site?

Answer 7

cetuximab

Question 8

Ca2+ is likely the most extensive ____ in signaling.

Answer 8

node

Question 10

____ is NOT a second messenger; its signaling is not concentration dependent.

Answer 10

GTP

Question 11

_____ blocks EGFR kinase activity and thus stops downstream signaling.

Answer 11

Gefitinib

Question 13

Most non-antibiotic drugs target ______.

Answer 13

signaling molecules

Question 14

Contact-dependent signaling

Answer 14

the mediator is membrane-bound

Question 15

Autocrine signaling

Answer 15

the receptor is on the same cell that sent the signal

Question 17

Nodes are points in a network that _____.

Answer 17

receive multiple inputs and/or multiple outputs

Question 18

_____ are groups of components (or building blocks) that function together.

Answer 18

Modules

Question 19

Synaptic signaling

Answer 19

neurons use neurotransmitters to signal nearby cells

Question 21

______ are membrane-bound switches that are regulated by GAPs and GEFs

Answer 21

Ras proteins

Question 22

cetuximab

Answer 22

anti-EGFR that blocks the ligand binding site

Question 23

Ras proteins are membrane-bound switches that are regulated by ____ and ____.

Answer 23

GAPs; GEFs

Question 24

Modules are groups of components (or building blocks) that _____.

Answer 24

function together

Question 25

Paracrine signaling

Answer 25

target cells are nearby