Cytoskeleton II Flashcards
What binds to and stabilizes F-actin?
phalloidin
The formation and contraction of the actomyosin ring drives the ____ and _____.
cleavage furrow; separation of daughter cells
phalloidin
from death cap, binds to and stabilizes F-actin
Activation of forming leads to _____ formation.
parallel actin bundle
Myosin II, characteristic of _____, forms hetero-oligomers involving two heavy chains and two copies of each of two light chains.
striated muscle
Lissencephaly
defect of brain development- no gyri- loss of n-cofilin
_____ are filamentous polymers (~7 nm diameter) of actin monomers.
Microfilaments
WASp
Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein
_____ is observed in microvilli inclusion disease.
Loss of microvilli
Rho activation causes the formation of ____ and ____.
stress fibers and focal adhesions
In the presence of divalent cations and ATP, ____ assembles to form two stranded, helical filaments called ____.
G-actin; F-actin
Activation of _____ leads to parallel actin bundle formation.
forming
Myosin II, characteristic of striated muscle, forms hetero-oligomers involving ____ and two copies of each of ____.
two heavy chains; two light chains
_____ are held together by the cross-linking proteins villin and fimbrin.
Actin bundles
_____ are essential for amoeboid motility and muscle contraction.
Microfilaments
_____ are critical for cell shape, movement, and polarity.
Microfilaments (MFs)
N-cofilin is an ____.
actin filament depolymerizing factor
____ stimulates Arp2/3 complexes.
WASp
The formation and contraction of the ____ drives the cleavage furrow and separation of daughter cells.
actomyosin ring
Microfilaments are essential for ______ and _____.
amoeboid motility; muscle contraction
____ causes the formation of stress fibers and focal adhesions.
Rho activation
Actin bundles are held together by the cross-linking proteins ____ and _____.
villin; fimbrin
___ activates the formation of veils.
Rac
____ activates the protrusion of fillopodia.
Cdc42
_____, characteristic of striated muscle, forms hetero-oligomers involving two heavy chains and two copies of each of two light chains.
Myosin II
Adherens junctions (AJs) proteins include ____ and _____.
cadherins and catenins
Rac activates the formation of ____.
veils
Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS)
x-linked immunodeficiency disease- WASp mutations
Actin filament nucleation typically occurs at the ____.
plasma membrane
Microfilaments (MFs) are critical for cell ____, _____, and _____.
shape; movement; polarity
_____ is an actin filament depolymerizing factor.
N-cofilin
Microfilaments are filamentous polymers (~7 nm diameter) of ____.
actin monomers
The____ nucleates MF polymerization from the minus-end, allowing rapid elongation at the plus-end.
Arp2/3 complex
Loss of microvilli is observed in _____.
microvilli inclusion disease
_____ typically occurs at the plasma membrane.
Actin filament nucleation
WASp stimulates _____.
Arp2/3 complexes
What is epithelial-to-mesenchimal (EMT) transition?
internalization of cadherins and loss of cell-cell adhesions cancers
The Arp2/3 complex nucleates MF polymerization from ____, allowing rapid elongation at _____.
the minus-end; the plus-end
Cdc42 activates the protrusion of _____.
fillopodia
In the presence of _____ and ____, G-actin assembles to form two stranded, helical filaments called F-actin.
divalent cations; ATP
