Acids, Bases, and Buffers Flashcards
Effective buffering occurs in the range from ____ or within ____ on either side of the pKa.
0.1 to 10; one pH unit
The bicarbonate buffer system is effective ____ units above its pKa.
1.3
What does Helicobacter pylori do?
causes gastric ulcers
A ____ is a mixture of a weak acid (HA) and its conjugate base (A).
buffer
The bicarbonate buffer system is the most important regulator of extracellular ___.
pH
The _________ is OPEN, modulated by regulation of CO2 loss in the ____ and H+ /HCO3- excretion in the _____.
bicarbonate buffer system; lung; kidney
The _____ the pKa, the stronger the base.
higher
The bicarbonate buffer system is effective 1.3 units ____ its ____.
above; pKa
Effective _____occurs in the range from 0.1 to 10 or within one pH unit on either side of the ____.
buffering; pKa
What is the causative agent of gastric ulcers?
Helicobacter pylori
The bicarbonate buffer system is OPEN, modulated by regulation of CO2 loss in the lung and _____ excretion in the kidney.
H+ /HCO3-
memorize this bicarb equation
pH = 6.1 + log 20 = 7.4
A buffer is a mixture of a ____ and _____.
weak acid (HA); its conjugate base (A)
The bicarbonate buffer system is ____, modulated by regulation of ____ in the lung and H+ /HCO3- excretion in the kidney.
open; CO2 loss
pH = pKa + log([proton acceptor]/[proton donor])
the Henderson-Hasselbach equation
The _____ is the most important regulator of extracellular pH.
bicarbonate buffer system
The higher the pKa, the _____ the base.
stronger
The _____ the pKa, the stronger the acid.
lower
pH = 6.1 + log 20 = 7.4
memorize this bicarb equation
The lower the pKa, the _____ the acid.
stronger
The modified H-H equation for the bicarbonate system is?
pH = 6.1 + log [HCO3-]mM/ .03Pco2mmHg
What is the Henderson-Hasselbach equation?
pH = pKa + log([proton acceptor]/[proton donor])
How does Helicobacter pylori cause gastric ulcers?
by using urease to create a neutral pH environment
The higher the ____, the stronger the base.
pKa
____ acids and bases are reversibly protonated and deprotonated.
Weak
Weak acids and bases are _____ and deprotonated.
reversibly protonated
The _____ is effective 1.3 units above its pKa.
bicarbonate buffer system
The lower the ____, the stronger the acid.
pKa
