Cytoskeleton I Flashcards
Alzheimer plaques are surrounded by _____.
GFAP-rich reactive astrocytes
The building blocks of MTs are heterodimers of the protein _____ (α and β).
tubulin
The three types of _____ are: microfilaments, microtubules, and intermediate filaments.
cytoskeletal elements
Abnormal _____ assembly seems to be involved in the neurodegenerative disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS or Lou Gehrig’s Disease).
neurofilament
Lamin mutations are linked to various _____.
progeria syndroms
____block mitosis and, thus, are important therapeutic tools for cancer treatment.
MT toxins
Keratins, a family of about 50 proteins, are dominant components of the _____ and its appendages, providing ____.
epidermis; mechanical strength
Abnormal neurofilament assembly seems to be involved in the neurodegenerative disease, _____.
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS or Lou Gehrig’s Disease)
_____ are tubular and are flexible but not very resistant to stretching.
Microtubules (MTs)
Mutations in the ______ may interfere with axonal transport and cause Charcot-Marie-Tooth syndrome.
neurofilament light chain
The building blocks of ____ are heterodimers of the protein tubulin (α and β).
MTs
Vimentins are present in _____.
a majority of cell types
Microtubules typically have one end attached to a _____, also known as perinuclear microtubule organizing center (MTOC).
centrosome
Several cell-type-specific cytoplasmic IF proteins exist: ____, _____, and _____.
keratins, vimentins and vimentin-related proteins, and neurofilament proteins
The _____ provides cell shape, mechanical strength, the structures needed for locomotion, support for the plasma membrane, the scaffold for the spatial organization of organelles, and the means for intracellular transport of organelles and other cargo.
cytoskeleton
_____ can lead to epidermolysis bullosa simplex.
Keratin mutations
Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is the IF protein characteristic of astrocytes in the CNS, abundant in connection with ______ in the brain.
inflammatory and/or degenerative processes
______ are rope-like, fibrous structures of about 10nm diameter prominent in cells exposed to mechanical stress.
Intermediate filaments (IFs)
Intermediate filaments (IFs) are rope-like, fibrous structures of about 10nm diameter prominent in cells _____.
exposed to mechanical stress
The main function of ___ is to provide intracellular mechanical support.
IFs
______ are surrounded by GFAP-rich reactive astrocytes.
Alzheimer plaques
The main function of IFs is to provide ______.
intracellular mechanical support.
MT toxins block mitosis and, thus, are important _____.
therapeutic tools for cancer treatment
The three types of cytoskeletal elements are: ____, _____, and _____.
microfilaments, microtubules, intermediate filaments
Microtubules (MTs) are _____ and are flexible but not very resistant to _____.
tubular; stretching
____ mutations are linked to various progeria syndroms.
Lamin
Several cell-type-specific _____ exist: keratins, vimentins and vimentin-related proteins, and neurofilament proteins.
cytoplasmic IF proteins
______ typically have one end attached to a centrosome, also known as perinuclear microtubule organizing center (MTOC).
Microtubules
______ is the IF protein characteristic of astrocytes in the CNS, abundant in connection with inflammatory and/or degenerative processes in the brain.
Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)
IFs fall into two categories: ______ and ______.
cytoplasmic; nuclear lamins
Mutations in the neurofilament light chain may interfere with axonal transport and cause _____.
Charcot-Marie-Tooth syndrome
____ , a family of about 50 proteins, are dominant components of the epidermis and its appendages, providing mechanical strength.
Keratins
______ appears to control axonal diameter.
Neurofilament abundance
Keratin mutations can lead to ______.
epidermolysis bullosa simplex
____ fall into two categories: cytoplasmic and nuclear lamins.
IFs
