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AUDE 5260 > sensory receptors and sensory transduction > Flashcards

sensory receptors and sensory transduction Flashcards

1
Q

sensory receptors

A

cells that detect stimuli and produce receptor potentials

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2
Q

interoceptors

A

monitoring within the body

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3
Q

proprioceptors

A

respond to changes in position of the body or its part
-helps with coordination
-we need to know where everything is

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4
Q

exteroceptors

A

respond to stimuli that arise outside the body

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5
Q

mechanoreceptors

A

mechanical displacement
-inner hair cells are this type

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6
Q

thermoreceptors

A

temperature change

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7
Q

nociceptors

A

pain, tissue damage

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8
Q

chemoreceptors

A

chemicals

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9
Q

photoreceptors

A

light

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10
Q

adequate stimulus

A

the type of stimulus to which a receptor is most sensitive
-multiple receptor types can react to a single stimulus

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11
Q

receptive field

A

area in the periphery where application of an adequate stimulus will cause a receptor to respond

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12
Q

cutaneous receptors

A

encapsulated (with layers or a think capsule) and non-encapsulated (free nerve endings or accessories structures) receptors

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13
Q

what are the 3 encapsulated receptors

A

pacinian corpsucle, meissner corpuslce, ruffini ending

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14
Q

what are the 3 non-encapsulated receptors

A

hair receptors, merkel endings, free nerve endings

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15
Q

pacinian corpsucle

A

good for acceleration
-looks like a little onion in image

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16
Q

meissner corpuslce

A

touch velocity
-bulge on it that will be deformed when skin is moved or compressed

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17
Q

ruffini ending

A

detects the skin stretching and warmth

18
Q

hair receptors

A

hair being moved
-near bottom of the hair follicle
-will move or stretch as hair follicle is moved

19
Q

merkel endings

A

as the skin moves, these endings will be altered
-within the skin

20
Q

free nerve endings

A

picking up pain
-no capsule or bulge around it

21
Q

main job of receptors in muscles and joints

A

measuring proprioception

22
Q

muscle spindles

A

detects muscle length
-encapsulated
-within muscles

23
Q

golgi tendon organ (GTO)

A

detect muscle tension
-encapsulated
-attaches to tendons

24
Q

joint receptors

A

responds to joint positions and movement
-within the joints
-free nerve endings and other similar to those within the skin

25
Q

visceral receptors

A

internal organs with a variety of receptors
-mostly free nerve endings

26
Q

sensory transduction

A

converting stimulus into energy spikes (AP)
-receptors in PNS need to pick up stimuli

27
Q

sensory receptor

A

cells that detect types of stimuli and generate receptor potentials

28
Q

potential

A

electrical difference/change/firing

29
Q

if a _______ is reached, then an action potential will be generated to travel along the axon

A

threshold of change

30
Q

if opposite charges are physically separated…

A

energy is expended and work is performed to keep separate
-separated charge is potential electrical energy

31
Q

resting potential

A

non uniform distribution of an differential permeability to sodium and potassium and impermeable anions
-about -70 mV in neurons when compared to the outside

31
Q

ions of cellular millieu

A

potassium, sodium, chloride, calcium and other anions

31
Q

receptor potential

A

stimulation of cells
-ion channels open (mechanically gated)
-cutaneous receptors can be deformed by pressure of touch or IHC sterocilia sheared

31
Q

sequence of events at receptor with stimulation

A

graded potential changes local membrane potential, opening during pressure which lets sodium rush in that are, depolarization occurs with the sodium influx, sensory information gets encoded, which causes an action potential

31
Q

what is the order of potentials

A

resting, receptor, AP, synapse, EPSP

32
Q

how does the action potential travel along the axon

A

travel along neuron, communication across synapse, carried to a destination fro action or processing, and receptor returns to resting potential after this occurs

33
Q

what gets encoded

A

type of stimulus, location, strength/intensity, duration, frequency and rate

34
Q

resting potential is _________ modulated

A

amplitude

35
Q

action potential is __________ modulated

A

frequency

36
Q

how is they type of stimulus encoded

A

each receptor has a modality of what it is picking up and its a line labeled pathway to an area of the brain
-picking up the type of receptor for what occured

37
Q

how is location encoded

A

because of mapping

AUDE 5260 (32 decks)

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