cerebral cortex

Question 1

what are the 6 layers

Answer 1

1 is superficial and 6 is deep
-around the length/dameter of the brain

Question 2

what type of cell is the most abundant?

Answer 2

pyramidal cells

Question 3

the auditory cortex is organized by ___________ strips and has columns of ___________ dominance

Answer 3

frequency ; binaural

Question 4

binaural processing areas with cells in the auditory cortex

Answer 4

cells in column were testing to be excited by stimuli in both ears or by one ear and inhibited by stimuli in the other ear

Question 5

lateralization

Answer 5

distribution of capabilities
-left usually language/speech and happy
-right usually creative and negative

Question 6

why are areas in our brain separated?

Answer 6

efficiency of tasks because we are taking up less property/space because it is compartmentalized

Question 7

specific areas for specific functions

Answer 7

-motor areas for descending paths
-sensory areas for inputs from areas of the body
-higher cognitive function areas for speech, thought, memory and planning

Question 8

corpus callosum

Answer 8

c shaped structure within the brain
-connects hemispheres

Question 9

anterior commissure

Answer 9

anterior side of corpus callosum

Question 10

posterior commissure

Answer 10

posterior side of corpus callosum

Question 11

what projections cross midline?

Answer 11

anterior and posterior commissure, interthalamic adhesion and corpus callosum

Question 12

another name for projection fibers

Answer 12

thalamocortical projections
-from the thalamus

Question 13

commissural fibers

Answer 13

crosses the hemispheres

Question 14

association fibers

Answer 14

within the same hemisphere but connects two areas

Question 15

arcuate fasciculus

Answer 15

what connects broca’s area to wenicke’s area

Question 16

auditory radiations

Answer 16

fibers within the auditory pathway
-between medial geniculate body and A1

Question 17

optic radiations

Answer 17

fibers within the optic pathway
-before V1

Question 18

corona radiata

Answer 18

white matter within the cortex

Question 19

agnosia

Answer 19

inability to recognize an object or interpret sensory stimuli

Question 20

asterognosis

Answer 20

inability to identify an object by feel

Question 21

hemineglect

Answer 21

demonstrating lack of appreciation of spatial aspects of sensory input from the left side of the body
-denial that left side of the body belongs to the patient
-may shave or draw the right side

Question 22

seizures

Answer 22

periods of abnormal, hyperactive and synchronized neuronal firing in the cortex
-partial is small local part of brain
-general is the whole brain
-tonic clonic is the dramatic loss of consciousness and falls
-febrile are within children, considered benign

Question 23

supratenotiral brain injury

Answer 23

slow progression, displacement of supratentorial structures through the tentorial notch
-eventual herniation of brainstem and cerebellar tonsils
-better prognosis for recovery

Question 24

infratentorial brain injury

Answer 24

dramatic symptoms associated with cranial nerves
-if upper pons affected before medulla coma may develop
-poorer prognosis for recover