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AUDE 5260 > midterm practical > Flashcards

midterm practical Flashcards

1
Q

epidermis

A

most outer layer of the skin
-comprised of multiple layers

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2
Q

horny layer

A

outermost layerof epidermis

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3
Q

stratum germinativum

A

most deep layer of epidermis
-comprised of basal lamina and the spinous layer

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4
Q

dermis (derma)

A

middle layer of skin
-comprised of papillary and reticular layer

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5
Q

subcutis

A

subcutaneous layer

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6
Q

pacinian corpuscle

A

within subcutis layer, in between adipose cell’s
-onion appearing structure in image

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7
Q

sweat gland

A

white swirly glands within the dermis layer, goes up to epidermis

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8
Q

adipose cell

A

cells comprised of smaller appearing circles
-within subcutis

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9
Q

hair bulb

A

at the inferior medial point of the hair

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10
Q

hair cuticle

A

thin layer coming off of the hair bulb and up to the follicle

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11
Q

root of hair

A

the portion just before the hair shaft

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12
Q

sebaceous gland

A

glands that attach to the hair shaft

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13
Q

hair shaft

A

the portion of the hair that comes out through the epidermis

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14
Q

sweat pore

A

the entrance of the sweat gland at the layer of the epidermis

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15
Q

CN 1

A

on olfactory bulb/tract

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16
Q

CN 2

A

on optic foramen
-within thalamus

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17
Q

CN 3

A

through the superior orbital fissure
-superior midbrain

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18
Q

CN 4

A

superior orbital fissure
-inferior midbrain

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19
Q

CN 5

A

pons
-lateral bulge

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20
Q

CN 6

A

pons
-medial

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21
Q

CN 7

A

pons
-inferior

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22
Q

CN 8

A

pons
-superior above CN 7

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23
Q

CN 9

A

medulla
-inferior to 8
-superior peduncle

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24
Q

CN 10

A

medulla
-middle peduncle

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25
Q

CN 11

A

medulla
-inferior peduncle

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26
Q

CN 12

A

medulla
-medial middle portion

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27
Q

dura mater spinal cord

A

layer of spinal cord that can be differentiated from the rest of the cord

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28
Q

filum terminale

A

the terminal fiber/string

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29
Q

ventral root

A

nerve pathway leaving the ventral side

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30
Q

dorsal root

A

nerve pathway leaving the dorsal side

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31
Q

spinal nerves

A

a single nerve within the spinal cord

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32
Q

cervical enlargement

A

widened area of the upper spinal cord

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33
Q

brachial plexus

A

the nertwork of nerves that extends to the shoulder area

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34
Q

cauda equina

A

the lower portion of the vertebral column

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35
Q

lumbosacral enlargement

A

widened area of the lower spinal cord

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36
Q

lumbosacral plexus

A

the network of nerves that extends downward in the spinal cord

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37
Q

dorsal horn

A

posterior/dorsal side
-gray matter/cell bodies

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38
Q

ventral horn

A

anterior/ventral side
-gray matter/cell bodies

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39
Q

lateral horns

A

white matter

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40
Q

central canal

A

central portion that runs throughout

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41
Q

dorsal columns

A

white matter on the dorsal/posterior side

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42
Q

fasciculus gracilis

A

first section of white matter lateral to the dorsal median septum
-from lower limbs

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43
Q

fasiculus cuneatus

A

section of white matter lateral to the dorsal intermediate sulcus
-from upper limbs

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44
Q

dorsal media septum

A

what divides the dorsal white matter into two sections

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45
Q

dorsal intermediate sulcus

A

what divides the dorsal white matter two divisions into two further division
-within the dorsal median septum slice

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46
Q

lateral columns

A

white matter on the sides

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47
Q

ventral columns

A

white matter on the anterior/ventral side

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48
Q

ventral median fissure

A

what divides the ventral side into “two” sections

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49
Q

ventral white commissure

A

small pathway for neurons to travel in, between the median fissure and the beginning of the gray matter

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50
Q

lissauer’s tract

A

tract on the dorsal side leading to the dorsal horn’s

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51
Q

substantia gelatinosa

A

caps the horns

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52
Q

review reflex arc image

A
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53
Q

angular gyrus

A

below the end of the lateral sulcus

54
Q

supramarginal gyrus

A

just above the end of the lateral sulcus

55
Q

parieto-occipital sulcus

A

separates the parietal lobe from the occipital lobe

56
Q

occipital pole

A

most posterior point of the occipital lobe

57
Q

calcarine sulcus

A

main sulcus in occipital lobe
-V1 is around this

58
Q

preoccipital notch

A

separates the occipital lobe from the temporal lobe

59
Q

frontal operculum

A

area within the frontal lobe that will be moved when looking at the insula lobe

60
Q

parietal operculum

A

area of the parietal lobe that will be moved when looking at the insula lobe

61
Q

temporal operculum

A

area of the temporal lobe that will be moved when looking at the insula lobe

62
Q

pituitary gland

A

the master gland on the undersurface of the brain
-“ball”

63
Q

optic chiasm

A

midsagittal slice : tear drop shape section just above the pituitary gland

64
Q

cingulate gyrus

A

main space of matter within the limbic lobe

65
Q

cuneus gyrus

A

above the calcarine sulcus within occipital lobe

66
Q

lingual gyrus

A

below the calcarine sulcus within the occipital lobe

67
Q

pineal gland

A

hanging off the posterior commissure

68
Q

posterior commissure

A

small ball at the end of the corpus callosum

69
Q

anterior commissure

A

small ball at the anterior side of the corpus callosum

70
Q

mammilary body

A

tucked within the brain, posterior to optic chiasm
-under brainstem
-2 little pearls

71
Q

cerebellar peducles

A

between the cerebellum and pons-ish level
-superior, middle, and inferior

72
Q

amygdala

A

anteromedial temporal lobe
-medial end of hippocampus

73
Q

longitudinal fissure

A

divides the two hemispheres

74
Q

lateral fissure

A

separates the temporal and frontal lobe

75
Q

primary auditory cortex

A

heschl’s gyrus
-within fissure on temporal lobe

76
Q

planum temporale

A

posterior to A1

77
Q

corpus callosum

A

c shaped structure within the brain
-rostrum, genu, trunk, sullcus, and splenium

78
Q

fornix

A

the smaller ‘c’ shaped structure under the corpus callosum
-connects the hippocampus from each hemisphere

79
Q

thalamus

A

structure on top of the midbrain
-comprised of 2 thalami

80
Q

basal ganglia

A

bridge between the thalamus and cerebrum

81
Q

caudate nucleus

A

biggest portion of the basal ganglia circle
-head is near anterior portion of the lateral ventricles

82
Q

putamen

A

lateral to internal capsule, boomerange shape almost
-more lateral then globus pallidus

83
Q

globus pallidus

A

smaller discolored section just lateral to the internal capsule
-more medial than putamen

84
Q

substantia nigra

A

lateral to 3rd ventricle and hypothalamus
-dark brain matter

85
Q

hippocampus

A

comes off lateral portion of the bottom part of the internal capsule
-rolled within temporal lobe

86
Q

internal capsule

A

ending of lateral ventricle to the end of the thalamus
-remember, it is where bundles squeeze through to go to corona radiata

87
Q

corona radiata

A

white matter branching out to cortex from the thalamus

88
Q

auditory radiations

A

fibers that are between the medial geniculate body and A1

89
Q

lateral ventricles

A

wraps around the thalamus
-internally

90
Q

anterior horn

A

anterior portion of lateral ventricle

91
Q

collateral trigone lateral ventricle

A

where the horns meet
-on middle posterior ‘c’ curve

92
Q

posterior horn

A

most posterior portion of the lateral ventricle

93
Q

inferior horn

A

inferior and medial horn

94
Q

septum pellucidum

A

space within the corpus callosum
-with sagittal slice it will be on one side
-what connects the corpus callosum

95
Q

interventricular foramina of monro

A

from lateral ventricles to the third ventricle

96
Q

3rd ventricle

A

the space between the two thalami

97
Q

4th ventricle

A

posterior to pons and medulla
-comes off of the cerebral aqueduct

98
Q

cerebral aqueduct

A

space posterior to the midbrain areas
-between the 3rd and 4th ventricle

99
Q

choroid plexus

A

within pia layer and lines the ventricles
-remember it produces CSF

100
Q

insula

A

interior lobe within opening of sylvian fissure

101
Q

cerebellum

A

two ball like structure hanging off of the base of the brain
-posterior to the brainstem

102
Q

vermis

A

medial portion of the cerebellum that connect the two sides

103
Q

nodulus

A

towards the midline from the flocculus

104
Q

flocculus

A

above tonsil
-if you follow this inward you will get to the nodulus

105
Q

tonsil

A

the bump hanging off the cerebellum

106
Q

arbor vitae

A

the branching nerve tissue within the cerebellum

107
Q

cerebral peduncles

A

at the level of the midbrain

108
Q

limbic lobe

A

lobe surrounding the corpus callosum

109
Q

parahippocampal gyrus

A

within medial temporal lobe
-sagittal slice : follow limbic around to temporal lobe
-whole brain : most medial on temporal lobe

110
Q

falx cerebri

A

area of dura that goes between hemispheres

111
Q

pyramids of medulla

A

anterior portion of medulla, by the veins and behind sinus

112
Q

falx cerebelli

A

ridge between the two hemispheres of the cerebellum

113
Q

tentorium cerebelli

A

“tent” over cerebellum

114
Q

superior sagittal sinus

A

gap within the falx cerebri

115
Q

straight sinus

A

above the cerebellum

116
Q

transverse sinus

A

within tentorium cerebelli at the back of the cerebellum

117
Q

primordium of the eyes

A

most lateral (on left side) of the 5 main bumps
-elevated bump

118
Q

primordium of the telencephalon

A

left side of the “nose of seahorse”

119
Q

primordium of the nose

A

most medial portion of “the nose of the seahorse”

120
Q

primordium of the upper jaw

A

to the right of the eye bump
-bulge right above crease of the “neck”

121
Q

primordium of the diencephalon

A

left superior curve of shape

122
Q

primordium or the mesencephalon

A

medial to the diencephalon

123
Q

mandibular arch

A

the 1st brachial arch
-medial to upper jaw area

124
Q

hyoid arch

A

2nd brachial arch
-top of the “stomach of seahorse”
-to the left of mandibular

125
Q

3rd brachial arch

A

to the left of the hyoid arch
-ending of the main arch’s

126
Q

primordium of vertebra

A

down the “spine of the seahorse”
-4th somite

127
Q

primordium of the atriums

A

bigger bulge medial to the vertebra

128
Q

upper (anterior) limb buds

A

just medial to the vertebra area
-at the slight curve of the shape

129
Q

primordium of the liver

A

medial and inferior to the upper limb bud

130
Q

primordium of the ventricle

A

medial and inferior to the atriums

131
Q

lower (posterior) limb buds

A

bulge at the “tail end of the seahorse”

132
Q

infundibulum

A

process that connects the pituitary gland to the brain

AUDE 5260 (32 decks)

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