Selective α AR Sympathomimetics

Question 1

What type of agonist is phenylephrine?

Answer 1

Selective A1 agonist

Used for vasoconstriction and as a nasal decongestant

Question 2

What are the main uses of phenylephrine?

Answer 2

Nasal decongestant, priapism, blood pressure support (neosynephrine)

Can support blood pressure in hypotensive states

Question 3

What are the potential side effects of phenylephrine?

Answer 3

Hypertension, reflex bradycardia

Use with caution in patients with cardiovascular disease

Question 4

What is the mechanism of action of tetrahydrozoline?

Answer 4

Selective A1 AR agonist; Causes vasoconstriction of blood vessels on the surface of the eye

Question 5

What is the primary use of tetrahydrozoline?

Answer 5

Eye redness (Visine)

Helps to decrease redness in the eyes

Question 6

What are the risks associated with overuse of tetrahydrozoline?

Answer 6

Rebound congestion, increased blood pressure

Overuse can lead to worsening symptoms

Question 7

What type of agonist is clonidine?

Answer 7

Selective a2 AR agonist

Agonizes A2 AR, decreasing the release of NE in the synapse

Question 8

What are the common therapeutic uses of clonidine?

Answer 8

Hypertension, ADHD, opioid withdrawal management

Effective in managing various conditions

Question 9

What are the side effects of clonidine?

Answer 9

Sedation, dry mouth, bradycardia, risk of rebound hypertension

Risk of rebound hypertension if abruptly discontinued

Question 10

What unique property allows clonidine to affect the central nervous system?

Answer 10

Passes BBB

This allows for central effects on blood pressure and sedation