Adrenergic AntiHTN Flashcards
What type of blocker is Propranolol?
Non-selective β blocker
Blocks both β₁ and β₂ receptors, reducing heart rate, myocardial contractility, and renin release.
What are the indications for Propranolol?
Hypertension, angina, arrhythmias, migraine prophylaxis
Used to manage various cardiovascular conditions and prevent migraines.
What are the side effects of Propranolol?
Bradycardia, reduced AV conduction and contractility, hypotension, fatigue, bronchospasm
Caution in asthmatic patients due to potential bronchospasm.
What type of blocker is Metoprolol?
Selective β₁ blocker
Specifically blocks β₁ receptors in the heart.
What are the indications for Metoprolol?
Hypertension, angina, heart failure, post-MI management
Commonly used in various cardiac conditions.
What are the side effects of Metoprolol?
Bradycardia, hypotension, fatigue
Caution in patients with heart block or decompensated heart failure.
What type of antagonist is Prazosin?
α₁ blocker
Blocks α₁ receptors in vascular smooth muscle.
What are the indications for Prazosin?
Hypertension, benign prostatic hyperplasia, PTSD-related nightmares (off-label)
Used for managing hypertension and urinary symptoms in BPH.
What are the side effects of Prazosin?
Orthostatic hypotension, reflex tachycardia, nasal congestion
Caution due to potential for orthostatic hypotension.
What type of agonist is Clonidine?
Central α₂ agonist
Stimulates central α₂ receptors to reduce sympathetic outflow.
What are the indications for Clonidine?
Hypertension, ADHD, opioid withdrawal
Used in various conditions, including attention deficit and withdrawal management.
What are the side effects of Clonidine?
Sedation, dry mouth, bradycardia, rebound hypertension if discontinued abruptly
Gradual tapering is recommended to avoid rebound hypertension.
What type of agent is Methyl-DOPA?
False neurotransmitter agent
Converted to α-methylnorepinephrine, decreasing NE synthesis.
What are the indications for Methyl-DOPA?
Hypertension (especially in pregnancy/preeclampsia)
Often used in pregnant women to manage hypertension.
What are the side effects of Methyl-DOPA?
Sedation, orthostatic hypotension, rare hemolytic anemia
Monitoring blood pressure and complete blood count is necessary.
