Angina Pectoris Flashcards
What is the primary goal of drug treatment for angina pectoris?
Prevent MI and death, prevent myocardial ischemia, prevent anginal pain
What type of drug is Propranolol?
Non-selective β antagonist
Propranolol blocks both β₁ and β₂ receptors.
How does Propranolol affect the heart?
Blocks β₁ and β₂ receptors–> decr CO (decr heart rate and myocardial contractility),
decr work of the heart,
lowering oxygen demand;
decr myocardial anoxia
This results in lower oxygen demand and reduces myocardial anoxia.
What are the therapeutic uses of Propranolol?
Angina pectoris
It is effective primarily for angina of effort.
What are common side effects of Propranolol?
Bradycardia, reduced AV conduction and contractility, hypotension, fatigue, bronchospasm
Caution is advised in asthmatic patients due to bronchospasm risk.
What type of drug is Nitroglycerin?
Nitrate (NO donor),
arterial and venous vasodilator
Nitroglycerin is known for its ability to produce vasodilation.
What is the mechanism of action of Nitroglycerin?
Diffuses into vascular smooth muscle, broken down into NO, produces coronary artery vasodilation and incr O2 delivery to myocardium
arterial and venous vasodilation to decrease preload and myocardial oxygen demand
What are the therapeutic uses of Nitroglycerin?
Angina pectoris, acute coronary syndromes
It is used for immediate relief in these conditions.
What are common side effects of Nitroglycerin?
Headache, hypotension, reflex tachycardia
Tolerance may develop with prolonged use; proper dosing intervals are essential.
How is Nitroglycerin administered to avoid first-pass metabolism?
NTG is highly susceptible to the first-pass metabolism, so it is ineffective when swallowed.
Sublingually or IV
Sublingual administration allows it to bypass the first-pass effect and enter the bloodstream directly.
