Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

URN Biweekly 1 > Segmental Functional Transport > Flashcards

Segmental Functional Transport Flashcards

1
Q

reabsorbs the bulk (60%) of glomerular filtrate; secretes some solutes

A

PCT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

water impermeable, but takes out NaCl

A

thick ascending loop of henle and DCT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

this has microvilli, mitochondria, and tight junctions

A

PCT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

thin loop of henle has what epithelium

A

squamous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

we are roughly ____% water

A

60%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

_____function in kidney is essential

A

reabsorption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

our kidneys filter ____ L/d

A

180

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

GFR x Px (concentration of x in plasma)

A

filtered load

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

why do we see glucose in urine

A

transporters reach their maximum number and kidneys no longer able to reabsorb glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

used to determine RPF and RBF in system

A

PAH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

freely filtered and secreted

A

PAH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

also has maximum number of transporters and will have amount secreted being constant when this happens

A

PAH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

how much of substance X was cleared from plasma over time

A

clearance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

can’t cross over membrane and remains in urine (happens at alkaline pH)

A

ionic form of weak acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

can go into blood to be reabsorbed (happens at acidic pH)

A

non ionic form of weak acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

primary driver of primary active transporters especially in PCT

A

Na+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

osmolarity increases down this and water is removed while NaCl is kept in

A

thin descending loop of henle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

osmolarity decreases up this and NaCl is removed

A

thick ascending loop of henle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

puts NaCl into blood and has low osmolarity

A

DCT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

fine tunes composition of urine (ADH acts on this too)

A

late distal tubule/CD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

involves isotonic process with same osmolarity

A

PCT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

has active and passive reabsorption

A

PCT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

has passive diffusion

A

thin limb of loop of henle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

has active transport of NaCl out

A

thick ascending loop of henle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
has active transport of NaCl out
DCT
26
has secondary active Na+ absorption and passive water absorption
CD
27
why is there a high salt concentration in medulla (high osmolarity)
helps concentrate urine (allows for water to be reabsorbed)
28
type of transporter on lumen side of proximal tubule
active transporters
29
type of transporter on basolateral side
passive transporters
30
______ drives reabsorption of glucose, HCO3-, AA's, and phosphate...etc in early proximal tubule
Na+
31
Na+ absorption coupled with glucose, HCO3-, AA's, Cl-, water happens where
early PCT
32
continued NaCl and water absorption w/ primary active transport keeping concentration gradient
late proximal tubule
33
this part of kidney has isosmotic reabsorption
PCT
34
lumen to interstitium force (hydrostatic pressure increased)
osmotic
35
interstitium to blood force (pulling stuff into capillary)
oncotic
36
what keeps the isosmolarity in PCT
where Na+ goes, water follows
37
a change in ___pressure will affect GFR; and a change in GFR will affect ___ pressure
hydrostatic; oncotic
38
an increase in ECF volume causes a net ____ in fractional reabsorption of isosmotic fluid
decrease
39
increased ECF volume causes _____ in oncotic pressure and fraction of filtrate reabsorbed
decrease
40
decreased ECF volume causes net ____ in fractional reabsorption of isosmotic fluid
increase
41
what gives us estimate of filtrate reabsorption in PCT
BUN (blood urea nitrogen)
42
normal fractional reabsorption of urea (name and number)
euvolemia (60%)
43
80% filtered load of urea reabsorbed
hypovolemic
44
what happens when you reabsorb more urea (into blood)
BUN increases
45
permeable to water; impermeable to NaCl
thin descending
46
reabsorbs NaCl while some stays in interstitium; starts hypertonic medullary interstitium gradient(environment)
thick ascending limb of loop of henle
47
transporters of thick ascending limb
Na+/K+ ATPase NKCC2 ROMK
48
what transporter do loop diuretics target (furosemide)
Na+/2Cl-/K+
49
here NaCl is returned to the blood, NOT interstitium; fluid dilute
DCT
50
where do thiazides target
DCT
51
water is either excreted or reabsorbed here
late distal tubule; collecting duct
52
ENaC transporter on lumen side pulling Na+ ultimately into the blood
late distal tubule; collecting duct
53
what does aldosterone target
ENaC transporter (on principal cells of late distal tubule)
54
what longterm effect does aldosterone have on patient
can become hypokalemic due to too much Na+ reabsorption into blood and releasing K+
55
puts aquaporins in on lumen side to allow for flow of water into tubule and into blood
ADH (vasopressin)
56
why does lumen around late distal tubule/collecting duct have a high negative charge
b/c Na+ is being reabsorbed and Cl- left in lumen
57
absence of ADH, causes what urine
diluted
58
presence of ADH causes what urine
concentrated urine
59
isotonic absorption of most of the ultrafiltrate volume and selective reclamation of vital solutes
PCT
60
selective water or NaCl permeability allows for buildup and maintenance of high interstitial osmolality needed for concentrating urine
thin descending and ascending tubules
61
active NaCl absorption into interstitium, building hyperosmolality necessary for concentrating urine; no water absorption, diluting fluid for excreting watery urine
thick ascending tubule
62
active NaCl absorption into blood; no water absorption making fluid maximally dilute
DCT
63
site of water absorption or excretion and final Na+ absorption and K and H secretion
late distal tubule/collecting duct

URN Biweekly 1 (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions