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URN Biweekly 1 > Renal Clearance- Weber > Flashcards

Renal Clearance- Weber Flashcards

1
Q

amount of substance entering an organ = amount of substance leaving organ (assuming substance is not synthesized or degraded by organ)

A

Fick principle

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2
Q

what % of plasma is filtered in Bowman’s capsule

A

20%

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3
Q

main region where reabsorption takes place

A

PCT into peritubular capillaries

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4
Q

filtration-reabsorption+secretion=

A

excretion (urine sample)

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5
Q

substance freely filtered only

A

inulin

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6
Q

substance freely filtered and partially reabsorbed

A

Na+

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7
Q

substance freely filtered and completely reabsorbed

A

glucose

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8
Q

substance freely filtered and not reabsorbed; partially secreted into tubules

A

PAH

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9
Q

a way of quantifying renal handling of a substance

A

clearance

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10
Q

often used to evaluate renal function

A

renal clearance

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10
Q

the more particles that end up in urine from plasma= the more plasma that is _____ of the substance

A

cleared

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10
Q

Substances with the ______ renal clearances may be completely removed on a single pass of blood through the kidneys

A

highest

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10
Q

the _____ the renal clearance, the more plasma that is cleared of a substance

A

higher

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11
Q

Substances with the _____ renal clearances are not removed at all

A

lowest

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12
Q

[Ux (urine concentration) * V (urine volume)]/Px (plasma concentration of substance)

A

renal clearance

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13
Q

this is measured by the clearance of a glomerular marker

A

GFR (glomerular filtration rate)

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14
Q

gold standard marker for GFR

A

inulin

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15
Q

this substance is freely filtered and neither reabsorbed nor secreted

A

inulin

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16
Q

all the inulin that is filtered will end up where?

A

in urine (so can take urine sample)

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17
Q

this substance is used clinically to estimate GFR

A

creatinine

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18
Q

if GFR decreases, _____ creatinine doubles

A

plasma

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19
Q

filtration fraction=

A

GFR/RPF (renal plasma flow)

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20
Q

typical FF=

A

20%

21
Q

what does 20% FF mean

A

20% of renal plasma flow was filtered and the other 80% taken back up into peritubular capillaries

22
Q

if both RPF and GFR are decreased, what happens to FF

A

unchanged

23
Q

if GFR increases and RPF is unchanged, what happens to FF

A

increases

24
Q

an increase in plasma protein does what to GFR and FF

A

decreases it

25
Q

ureter constriction does what to GFR and FF

A

decreases it

26
Q

in a single pass, the amount of PAH that comes through kidney will go where

A

in the urine

27
Q

what will the renal volume of PAH be

A

0

28
Q

what marker is used to measure RPF

A

PAH

29
Q

what do you multiply clearance of PAH by b/c not all of PAH is actually removed

A

10%

30
Q

renal blood flow (RBF)=

A

RPF/(1-hematocrit)

31
Q

amount of substance filtered=

A

filtered load

32
Q

GFR*Px (plasma concentration of x)=

A

filtered load

33
Q

V (urine volume per min)*Ux (concentration of x in urine)=

A

excretion rate

34
Q

filtered load-excretion rate=

A

net reabsorption or secretion

35
Q

with Na+, it has less excreted so would it have net reabsorption or secretion

A

net reabsorption

36
Q

with PAH, it has high excretion rate, would it have net reabsorption or secretion

A

net secretion

37
Q

active transporter that moves glucose from lumen (urine) into tubule (Na+ and glucose transporter)

A

SGLT

38
Q

what maintains Na+ gradient via secondary active transport when moving glucose through

A

Na+/K+ ATPase

39
Q

glucose transporter that moves glucose from tubule to blood (facilitate diffusion)

A

GLUT 1 and 2

40
Q

b/c there is a limited number of _____ transporters, the mechanism is saturable (has transport maximum (Tm))

A

glucose

41
Q

an increase in plasma glucose causes a what to filtration

A

increase

42
Q

what happens to reabsorption curve when plasma glucose levels get too high

A

the curve will bend and eventually level off when it has reached Tm (maximum amount of transporters)

43
Q

once Tm is reached, what happens to glucose

A

excreted into urine (not good)

44
Q

glucosuria

A

glucose in urine

45
Q

main reason glucose is seen in urine

A

uncontrolled diabetes

46
Q

just like glucose reaching Tm and having to be excreted, what other substance has this effect

A

PAH

47
Q

the clearance of any substance can be compared to the clearance of what

A

inulin

48
Q

only substance whose clearance is equal to GFR

A

inulin

49
Q

Cx/Cinulin =

A

clearance ratio

50
Q

Cx/Cinulin=1

A

substance freely filtered

51
Q

Cx/Cinulin <1

A

substance not filtered or it is reabsorbed

52
Q

Cx/Cinulin>1

A

substance filtered and secreted (PAH)

URN Biweekly 1 (21 decks)

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