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URN Biweekly 1 > Renal Drugs II- Al Mehdi > Flashcards

Renal Drugs II- Al Mehdi Flashcards

1
Q

nephrotoxic drugs that worsen renal hypoperfusion

A

ACEIs/ARBs

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2
Q

drugs that cause nephrotoxicity in PCT

A

Aminoglycosides

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3
Q

drugs that cause afferent vasoconstriction; nephrogenic diabetes insipidus

A

Amphotericin B (anti-fungal)

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4
Q

these types of drugs can lead to diabetes insipidus

A

antiviral drugs

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5
Q

drugs that cause ischemia b/c drop in PGE2; production of vasoconstriction

A

calcineurin inhibitors (Cyclosporine and tacrolimus)

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6
Q

chemotherapy drug that can cause diabetes insipidus

A

Cisplatin

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7
Q

chemotherapy drug that can cause hemorrhagic cystitis

A

IFOSFAMIDE

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8
Q

used to prevent/manage side effect (hemorrhagic cystitis) of IFOSFAMIDE

A

MESNA

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9
Q

sucrose containing IVIG increases what

A

osmolarity

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10
Q

element (drug) that can cause diabetes insipidus

A

lithium

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11
Q

increase hypoperfusion and inhibit diuretic effect

A

NSAIDs

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12
Q

induces kidney damage

A

radiocontrast media

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13
Q

specific drugs that can lead to kidney stone formation

A

Sulfa Drugs

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14
Q

2 main drugs used for uncomplicated UTI’s

A

sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim
Ciprofloxacin

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15
Q

fluoroquinolone that inhibits DNA gyrase in gram -

A

Cipro

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16
Q

Ceftriaxone
Doxycycline
Azithromycin
used to treat what

A

urethritis

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17
Q

binds 30S and inhibits protein synthesis

A

Doxycycline

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18
Q

binds 50S and inhibits protein synthesis

A

Azithromycin

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19
Q

Ca2+ induced Ca2+ release see in what receptor

A

RyR

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20
Q

release of Ca2+ from endoplasmic reticulum causes inhibition of what 2 things

A

renin
PTH

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21
Q

Ca2+ binding receptor ______ causes inhibition of Ca2+ reabsorption

A

CaSR

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22
Q

what drug and hormone act on early DCT and increase Ca2+ reabsorption

A

Thiazides
PTH

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23
Q

mutation in Ca2+ sensing receptor (CaSR) causes too much _____release

A

PTH

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24
Q

too much PTH release and Ca2+ reabsorption due to mutation in CaSR in Thick ascending limb

A

familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia (FHH)

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25
Q

drug that activates CaSR

A

CINACALCET

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26
Q

increases gut absorption of Ca2+
tubular reabsorption of Ca2+
bone resorption of Ca2+

A

vitamin D

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27
Q

what suppresses PTH

A

vitamin D

28
Q

uremia does what to vitamin D and then PTH

A

decreases vitamin D; leads to secondary hyperparathyroidism

29
Q

Sevelamer carbonate, lanthanum carbonate, ferric citrate decrease absorption of what

A

phosphate

30
Q

Cyclosporine, tacrolimus, sirolimus are used for what

A

prophylaxis of organ rejection in kidney transplant

31
Q

BEVACIZUMAB

A

-mab used for renal cell carcinoma

32
Q

IPILIMUMAB

A

anti-CTLA4

33
Q

Abatacept
belatacept

A

decoy CTLA4

34
Q

NIVOLUMAB
PEMBROLIZUMAB

A

anti-PD1

35
Q

this drug makes prostate cancer worse for the first few days (increase in LH, FSH, testosterone) and then causes densitization and decrease in LH and FSH

A

LEUPROLIDE

36
Q

GnRH receptor antagonist (used in advanced prostate cancer)

A

DEGARELIX

37
Q

used when LEUPROLIDE or DEGARELIX fail

A

SIPULEUCEL-T

38
Q

Rx hemorrhagic cystitis

A

MESNA

39
Q

used in testicular cancer

A

IFOSFAMIDE

40
Q

used in a variety of different cancers

A

CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE

41
Q

-mab used in renal cell carcinoma

A

BEVACIZUMAB

42
Q

-NIBS and -TINIBS used in ______

A

advanced renal cell carcinoma

43
Q

M3 agonist used in atonic bladder

A

BETHANECHOL

44
Q

B3 agonist used for overactive bladder

A

MIRABEGRON

45
Q

OXYBUTYNIN
PROPANTHELINE BROMIDE

A

M3 blocker for overactive bladder

46
Q

PRAZOSIN
DOXAZOSIN
TERAZOSIN
TAMSULOSIN

A

a1 blockers for BPH (enlarged prostate)

47
Q

SE of a1 blockers for BPH

A

orthostatic hypotension

48
Q

highly selective a1 blocker for BPH that has less orthostatic hypotension

A

TAMSULOSIN

49
Q

where does SILDENAFIL act

A

E (corpus cavernosum)

50
Q

drug used in erectile dysfunction (targets blood filling areas)

A

SILDENAFIL

51
Q

what to exclude first if patient comes in w/ anemia

A

CKD

52
Q

NKCC2 mutation at TAL; as if on Furosemide; AR

A

Bartter Syndrome

53
Q

NCC mutation at early DCT; as if on HCTZ; AR

A

Gitelman syndrome

54
Q

ENaC gain of function mutation at late DCT/CD; as if too much aldosterone; AD

A

Liddle syndrome

55
Q

2 syndromes that deal with low K+ alkalosis, normal bp, Na+ wasting

A

Bartter and Gitelman

56
Q

deals with low K+ alkalosis and HTN

A

Liddle syndrome

57
Q

cell of late DCT and CD that is used in response to acidosis (secretes H+)

A

alpha intercalated cells

58
Q

how body responds to hypokalemia

A

alpha intercalated cells bring in more K+ and secrete more H+ (leads to alkalosis

59
Q

cells in late DCT and CD that respond to alkalosis

A

beta intercalated cells

60
Q

HCO3- secreted into urine and Cl- brought into cell by what

A

pendrin

61
Q

in Cl- depletion due to vomiting, what drug to give

A

NaCl

62
Q

when patient loses Cl- and H+ what does it lead to

A

alkalosis

63
Q

what causes loss of HCO3- w/ normal AG metabolic acidosis

A

diarrhea
RTA type II

64
Q

Cl- removed by emesis (vomiting), what increases in serum

A

HCO3-

65
Q

what maintains Cl- depletion alkalosis

A

Cl-/HCO3- exchanger (pendrin); and replenish alkalosis with NaCl

URN Biweekly 1 (21 decks)

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