Section 11: Biomechanical movement Flashcards
What is a scalar quantity?
when measurements are only described in terms of size or magnitude e.g. mass, distance and speed
What is a vector quantity?
when measurements are described in terms of magnitude and direction e.g. weight, displacement, acceleration, velocity, momentum
Definition of mass
mass is the quantity of matter the body possesses
Definition of distance
distance is measured in metres and is the path a body takes as it moves from the starting to the finishing position
Definition of displacement
displacement is measured in metres and is the shortest route in a straight line between the starting and finishing position
Definition of speed
speed is a measurement in metres/seconds of the body’s movement per unit of time with no reference to direction
Definition of velocity
velocity is measured in metres per second and is the rate of change of displacement
Definition of acceleration
acceleration is measured in m/s2 and is the rate of change of velocity
Equation for momentum
momentum (kgm/s)= mass (kg) x velocity (m/s)
What is an internal and external force?
internal force= generated by the skeletal muscles
external force= comes from outside the body
Definition of weight
weight is the gravitational force exerted on an object
Equation for weight
weight = mass (kg) x gravity (9.8)
measured in newtons, N
What is a reaction force?
a reaction force occurs when two bodies are in contact with one another
What is friction?
friction occurs when two or more bodies are in contact with one another
What is air resistance?
air resistance is a force that acts in the opposite direction to the motion of a body travelling through the air
What is impulse? (given as an equation)
impulse = force x time
What is net imupulse?
net impulse is a combination of positive and negative impulses
What is angular motion?
angular motion is movement around a fixed point
What is a torque?
the rotational consequence of a force (a turning force)
What is radian?
the unit of measurement for angles
What is angular displacement?
the smallest change in angle between the start and finish point of a rotation
What is angular velocity?
the rate of change of angular displacement OR angular displacement over time taken
What is angular acceleration?
the rate of change of angular velocity OR change in angular velocity over time
What is moment of inertia?
resistance of a body to angular motion
What is angular momentum?
the quantity of rotation a body possesses