13.7 commercialisation Flashcards
What are the positive impacts of commercialisation on officials?
- increased profile which increases awareness and the need for officials
- increase in salary so it could become a full time profession
- increased funding so more money can be invested into technology to allow more accurate decisions
- increased funding leads to a better network of officials so better training available
What are the negative impacts of commercialisation on officials?
- increased coverage of sport leads to increased pressure on officials to make the right decision`
- reputation could be damaged if wrong decision made
- officials may become dependent on technology
What are the advantages to elite sport as a result of the golden triangle?
- increased income to the sport for allowing events to be televised, the increased income can be spent on all levels of sport e.g. grassroot to elite levels
- increased promotion of the sport- gain more fans and increase popularity
- increased sponsorship + income from business sources to pay for advertising at grounds
- sports organised and funded, improves way they are run
- improved facilities, benefit performer and spectator
What are the disadvantages to elite sport as a result of the golden triangle?
- sensationalist media reporting focusing too much on negatives of sport
- media and sponsors can dictate kick-off times and scheduling on sports events
- media and sponsors can change nature of sports activity e.g. longer breaks for advertising
- media and sponsors only televise already popular, high profile sports
- sponsors and media too demanding on elite performers + coaches
- sponsorship deals increase pressure to win
State the advantages of media coverage on sport
- increase the profile of the sport and individual performers within the sport
- increased participation levels within the sport as a result of TV coverage
- more variations of sport developed to make it media friendly- more matches for fans to watch
- generates higher levels of income, makes sport more appealing to sponsors so commercial opportunities increased
- increased standards of performance and behaviour as a result of an increased media focus
- rule changes leading to speeding up of action
State the negatives of media coverage for a sport
- NGBs/sports performers lose control to TV/sponsors, traditional nature of the sport is lost e.g. rule structures/timings of sport adapted to suit TV demands
- media control location and kick-off times for events
- too much sport on can lead to boredom or lower attendance at live events
- inequalities of coverage- popular sports gain more viewers than minority sports
- certain prestigious events only available on satellite TV requiring subscription payment
- demands of media and sponsors negatively impact high level performers e.g. demands for interviews and personal appearances
- media can over-sensationalise negative events in sport
- win-at-all costs attitude develops due to high rewards on offer leading to negative deviant acts, poor role models
- more breaks in play for adverts can disrupt spectator experience
What are the positive effects of sponsorship and commercial deals for elite performers?
- increased wages and prize money and extrinsic rewards
- increased availability of professional contracts where performers are able to devote themselves full time to sport
- performers increasingly in the public eye and well known so need to maintain discipline and behave appropriately to protect positive image
- increased funding to pay for access to high quality training support and specialist equipment
What are the negatives of sponsorship and commercial deals for elite performers?
- increased pressure to win and win-at-all-costs attitude to maintain high level prize money, extrinsic rewards, wages and sponsorship deals
- an increase in deviant behaviour due to increased pressure to win
- performers treated as commodities, bought and sold for economic reasons, sponsors become too demanding
- inequality in funding meaning that performers in minority sports miss out on funding and full-time professional opportunities
What are the reasons an elite performer should consider the nature of a sponsorship deal before accepting it (SPONSOR)?
S-social duty to others
P-personal appearances demanded too much
O-opposed nature of the product to the reputation of the performer
N-negative impact on future sponsorship
S-support from sponsors is image dependent
O- opposed to the true nature of sport
R- role model for others
What are the positive effects of commercialisation and sponsorship on sport?
- increased funding to a sport to provide improved facilities, equipment, coaching and talent ID programmes to develop performers in that sport
- increased funding to provide technology at events to aid decision making from officials
- increased number of positive role models in a sport to inspire others and increase participation rates
- increased spectator interest and involvement
- increased number of events and competitions to help generate interest and promote a sport
State the negatives of commercialisation and sponsorship on sport
- sports may become over-reliant on funding and income, experience problems without it
- inequality of funding- money goes to already popular sports
- sport sometimes loses control
- traditionalists may be against new competitions, rule changes or changes in sport format to suit sponsor demands
- location of events may be influenced by commercial considerations
State the positive impacts of increased media coverage and commercialisation of elite sport for coaches and managers
- increased profile, increases public awareness of their role
- increased salaries due to more coverage (particularly in high profile sports)
- increased funding leading to more money invested in squads and facilities
State the negative impacts of increased media coverage and commercialisation of elite sport for coaches and managers
- under intense pressure to be successful and win matches
- high level of public expectation to produce positive results
- expectation to deal with media and answer questions
- inequalities of sponsorship and funding meaning that coaches and managers in lower level clubs + minority sport find it harder to attract high level performers
State the positives of increased media coverage and commercialisation on officials
- increased profile of officials which increases public awareness of their role
- an increase in salary and possibility of full-time job opportunities
- increased funding to invest in support systems + training to improve standards of officiating
- increased funding to invest in technology to aid officials in decision making
State the negatives of increased media coverage and commercialisation on officials
- increased pressure on officials to make right decisions
- increased expectation to respond to media enquiries and give interviews explaining decisions
- risk of possible demotion or loss of job if wrong decision highlighted by media
- technology to aid officials in decision making not always available at lower levels of sport
- officials may become too dependent on technology
