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Psychology > Scrot and Test 3 > Flashcards

Scrot and Test 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

is US good at detecting testicular tumors

A

yuuus, 100% sensitivity

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2
Q

most intratesticular masses are

A

malignant

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3
Q

most extratesticular masses are

A

benign

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4
Q

_____% of testicular tumours are malignant

A

80%

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5
Q

testicular neoplasms most common in

A

< 2.5 years and later adolescents

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6
Q

Children with ________ are 30-50 times more likely to develop a testicular neoplasm

A

cryptorchidism

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7
Q

6 types of germ cell tumors

A 
Seminoma
Yolk sac tumor
Embryonal carcinoma
Choriocarcinoma
Teratocarcinoma
Teratoma (benign)
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8
Q

2 types of non germ cell tutors

A

leydig cell tumor and sertoli cell tumor

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9
Q

most important thing for differentiating between tumor, hematoma, orchitis or abbess

A

clinical history

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10
Q

most testicular tumours are

A

hypo echoic, well defined, solid, hemorrhage, necrosis, calcifications, hydrocele, hyper vascular

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11
Q

seminoma most common in

A

adults, rare in children

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12
Q

seminoma associated with

A

cryptorchidism

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13
Q

seminoma US appearance

A

hypo echoic, heterogenous, distorts testis if large, vascular

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14
Q

yolk sac tumor most common tumor in

A

prepubescent children

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15
Q

yolk sac tumor S/S

A

painless scrotal mass with increase AFP

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16
Q

choriocarcinoma indications

A

increased B HCG level

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17
Q

3 highly malignant tumors

A

yolk sac
embryonal carcinoma
choriocarcinoma

18
Q

teratoma benign or malignant

A

benign

19
Q

teratoma affects

A

children <4 yrs

20
Q

sono appearance of teratoma

A

complex mass with serous filled cystic areas, with possible areas of fat or calcification
teratocarcinoma has a very similar appearance

21
Q

2 Stromal tumors

A

leydig and sertoli

22
Q

stromal tumors benign or malignant

A

benign

23
Q

Stromal tumors S/S and appearance

A

slow groiwng, hormone secreting

well circumscribed, small and hypo echoic

24
Q

leydig secrete

A

testosterone

25
Q

sertoli secrete

A

mostly inactive hormones but some secrete estrogen, this can lead to gynacomastia

26
Q

5 extratesticular causes of scrotal masses

A 
Hydrocele
Hematocele
Scrotal hernia/Inguinal hernia
Varicoceles
Spermatoceles/Epidydimal cysts
27
Q

what is hydrocele

A

abnormal collection of serous fluid in scrotal sac

28
Q

what is communicating hydrocele

A

congenital hydrocele that occurs if processus vaginalis fails to close during development

29
Q

what is reactive hydrocele

A

acquired hydrocele that might be caused by infection, torsion, truama or tumor

30
Q

acquired hydroceles more common in

A

older children

31
Q

what is hematocele

A

blood in the tunica vaginalis

32
Q

hematocele cause

A

surgery/ trauma mostly sometimes malignant tumor

33
Q

sono appearance hematocele

A
  • fluid collection with debris, septations or fluid-debris levels.
34
Q

what is varicocele

A

dilated veins of pampiniform plexus (mostly left side)

35
Q

sono of varicocele

A

serpentine anechoic structures

36
Q

inguinal hernia occur more on what side

A

left

37
Q

no paristalsis in

A

incarcerated hernia

38
Q

testicular microlithiasis seen in patients with

A

Down’s syndrome
Cryptorchidism
Klinefelter’s syndrome

it is asymptomatic tho

39
Q

what is testicular microlithiasis

A

calcified debris in the seminiferous tubules

40
Q

testicular microlithiasis associated wit h

A

diseases that have increased risk of malignancy

41
Q

spermatocele

A

Occur in epi head, consist of fluid, spermatazoa, and sediment

42
Q

epididymal cysts

A

Contain no spermatazoa, in epi head, body and tail, anechoic

Can present as a mass

Psychology (31 decks)

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