Kidneys 4 Flashcards
is nephroblastomatosis malignant?
pre malignant
nephroblastomatosis is a precursor for
Wilms (found in patients that already have wilms too)
sono appearance of nephroblastomatosis
Masses may be hypo, anechoic, or isoechoic
Detectable only if they alter renal contour or distort collecting system
mesoblastic nephroma malignant?
no benign
mesoblastic nephroma made of
connective tissue
mesoblastic nephroma aka
benign wilms tumor
mesoblastic nephroma affects who and is diagnosed when
affects neonates and is diagnosed prenatally
why is mesoblastic nephroma treated
potential for malignancy
treatment of mesoblastic nephroma if unilateral
resections
treatment of mesoblastic nephroma if bilateral
chemo/ radiation
sono features of mesoblastic nephroma
Can replace most of the parenchyma (large)
Resembles Wilms tumor
Homogeneous or
Heterogeneous with central areas of necrosis and hemorrhage.
Angiomyolipoma is what and made of what
Benign hamartoma
Vessels-Muscle-Fat
angiomyolipoma associated with
tuberous sclerosis
sono angiomyolipoma
Masses/foci in the renal cortex
Homogenous
Hyperechoic
`
is angiomyolipoma bi or uni
typically bilateral if it is with Tuberous sclerosis
signs of tuberous sclerosis
TS patients present with seizures
Red papular rash over nose/cheeks
3 acquired pathologies of the kidneys
Pyelonephritis
Nephrolithiasis
Nephrocalcinosis
pyelonephritis sono appearance
Enlargement of kidneys but need to R/O obstruction
is sonography sensitive for detection of acute inflammatory changes in renal cortex
no
are renal stones common
no
causes of renal stones (3)
Urinary tract infection
Structural abnormalities
Metabolic abnormalities
how is renal stone diagnosed
U/S and radiography
ultrasound can’t see the ureter stones well
what is nephrocalcinosis
Deposit of Ca2+ in the kidney
causes of nephrocalcinosis
iatrogenic - infants on furosemide for lung/heart dx Hypervitaminosis D Increased urine calcium Hypercalcemia (hyperparathyroidism) Medullary sponge kidneys
is nephrocalcinosis Bi or UNI
bi
appearance of nephrocalcinosis
Focal increases in echogenicity in the renal pyramids
