neonatal brain 1 Flashcards
ectoderm differentiates into
nervous system and epidermis, nails, hair, lining of mouth, nose and anus.
in development of the brain the ectoderm forms a
neural plate
the neural plate folds to form
neural tube
each end of neural tube has
neuropores
if the neuropores don’t close then leads to
anteriorly - anencephaly
posterior - spina bifida/ pilondial cyst
anterior end develops into
forebrain
midbrain
hindbrain
Forebrain includes
cerebrum and dienchaphalon
hindbrain includes
pons and medulla
sonography the primary modality of screening
intracranial hemorrhage
hydrocephalus
congenital anomalies of the neonatal brain
three windows to the neonatal brain
Anterior Fontanelle (Standard)*** Posterior Fontanelle (Supplemental) Mastoid Fontanelle/ Posterolateral (Supplemental)
when does the closure of the fontanels begin and end
9 mo- 15 mo
it is rare you would scan the brain after 9 months tho
when will hemorrhagic lesions become visible
within hours after incident
when do ischemic lesions become visible
need time to develop and can be seen weeks after
what forms the anterior fontanelle
formed at the junction of the coronal, sagittal and frontal sutures
what forms the posterior fontanelle
is formed by the junction of the lambdoid and sagittal sutures
what forms the mastoid fontanelle
located at the junction of the lambdoid and occipital sutures
cerebrum info
Largest section of the brain, divided into two hemispheres joined by the corpus callosum
corpus callous
Largest white matter structure in the brain; contains nerve tracts that allow communication between the right and left hemispheres
cerebral cortex
The outermost layer of the cerebrum
falx cerebri
Fold of dura matter that divides the two hemispheres of the brain
cerebellum
Posterior portion of the brain, composed of two hemispheres
choroid plexus
Echogenic cluster of cells located within the lateral ventricles responsible for the production of CSF
thalamus
paired ovoid structures in the central brain
protective membranes of the brain
meninges
1. Dura mater Outer layer and most resilient 2. Arachnoid Between the dura and pia Contains subarachnoid space with CSF 3. Pia mater Surrounds the surface of the cerebral cortex
3 divisions of the brain
cerebrum cerebellum and brainstem
cerebrum Separated by a fissure/groove called the longitudinal fissure
longitudinal fissure
The __________ is a section of dura that lies within the fissure (helps separate the hemispheres)
falx cerebri
__________ divides both thefrontal lobe and parietal lobe above from the temporal lobe on both sides
lateral fissure sylvian
cerebellum separated from the cereberum by
tentorium (a fold of dura)
what connects two hemispheres of the the cerebellum
vermis
cavity in the scull containing the cerebellum, the 4th ventricle and brain stem
posterior fossa
brain stem consists of
mid brain
pons
medulla oblongata
largest ventricles
lateral ventricles
largest portion of the choroid plexus is ____ and located where
glomus located in the lateral ventricles
choroid plexus in all ventricles tho
4 divisions of the corpus callosum
rostrum, genu, body, splenium
where is the thalami located
Located in the centre of the brain, one beneath each cerebral hemisphere, next to the 3rd ventricle
fluid filled structure that communicates with the 4th ventricle
cisterna magna
what planes are we mostly in when scanning the brain
coronal and sag
bunch of images with descriptions
so check that out
Location for germinal matrix hemorrhage in premature infants?
caudothalamic groove
The caudothalamic groove contains the anterior extent of the
choroid plexus
