Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MBD/MI (Wothaya) > Scientic Basis Of Vaccines > Flashcards

Scientic Basis Of Vaccines Flashcards

1
Q

What is herd immunity memory boosted by?

A

Periodic outbreaks of disease in community and vaccines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What do parenteral vaccines lead to?

A

Poor mucosal immunity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

When are antibodies sufficient?

A

Short term protection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

When is memory essential?

A

Long term protection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What does monotypic mean?

A

Surface antigens remaining the same generally so vaccination (or infection) gives lifelong immunity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does polytypic mean?

A

Surface antigens change and immunity is readily overcome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the types of vaccine?

A

Live,attenuated
Killed whole organism
Subunit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are examples of live, attenuated vaccines?

A

BCG
MMR
yellow fever

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How can you attenuate the live vaccines?

A

Culture it in a foreign host many times (add mutations)
Chemically cause mutations to attenuate it
Genetically engineer to create knockouts lacking genes for virulence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the issues with live attenuated vaccines?

A

Vaccine may mutate back to original form

Generally needs to be kept cold

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Why are live attenuated vaccines good?

A

Useful for producing CTL memory cells because they can infect APCs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How are killed whole organism vaccines killed?

A

Heat or chemicals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are examples of killed whole organism vaccines?

A 
Pertussis
Influenza
Polio
Cholera
HepA
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the issues with killed whole organism vaccines?

A

Need boosting to get good protection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the individual components of bacteria that are used in subunit vaccines?

A

Proteins
Toxoids
Peptides
Polysaccharide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are bacterial toxins inactivated with for use in vaccines?

A

Formaldehyde

17
Q

What are the features of bacterial capsular polysaccharides as vaccines?

A

Poor antigens
Short term memory
No T cell immunity

18
Q

How can you enhance immunogenicity?

A

Protein conjugation

19
Q

How does enhancing immunogenicity work?

A

If you just use the polysaccharide theres only an antibody response
If you conjugate it to another cell then T cell binding occurs

20
Q

What are vaccine adjuvants?

A

Things you add to vaccines to make them more immunogenic

21
Q

What do vaccine adjuvants do?

A

Enhance immune response to antigen
Promote uptake and antigen presentation
Stimulate correct cytokine profiles

22
Q

Where do you get passive immunity from?

A

Maternal transfer or serum from another source

MBD/MI (Wothaya) (57 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions