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MBD/MI (Wothaya) > Antibiotics > Flashcards

Antibiotics Flashcards

1
Q

What are antibiotics?

A

Natural product of fungi and bacteria

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2
Q

What are the principles of antibiotics as theraputic agents?

A

Selective toxicity

Theraputic margin

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3
Q

What is the theraputic margin?

A

Difference between active dose and toxic effect

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4
Q

What is selective toxicity?

A

Differences in structure and metabolic pathways between host and pathogen

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5
Q

What does microbial antagonism do?

A

Maintains flora- complex interactions and competition between flora

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6
Q

What does antibiotic + immunity lead to?

A

Bacterial clearance

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7
Q

How are antibiotics classified?

A

Type of activity
Structure
Target site for activity

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8
Q

What are the types of antibiotic activity?

A

Bactericidal
Bacteriostatic
Broad-spectrum or narrow spectrum

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9
Q

What is bactericidal?

A

Kills bacteria

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10
Q

What is bacteriostatic?

A

Inhibit bacteria

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11
Q

What are the types of penicillins?

A 
Basic
Anti-staphylococcal 
Broader spectrum 
Anti-pseudomonas
Beta-lactam/lactamase inhibitor combinations
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12
Q

What is an example of an anti-staphylococcal penicillin?

A

Flucloxacillin

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13
Q

What is an example of a broader spectrum penicillin?

A

Ampicillin

Amoxicillin

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14
Q

What is an example of an anti-pseudomonas penicillin?

A

Piperacillin

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15
Q

What is an example of a beta-lactam/lactamase inhibitor combination penicillin?

A

Co-amoxiclav/augmentin

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16
Q

What antibiotics target cell wall synthesis?

A 
Cycloserine
Vancomycin, Teichoplanin
Bacitracin
Penicillins
Cephalosporins
Monobactams
Carbapenems
17
Q

What antibiotics are free radicals?

A

Metronidazole

nitrofurantoin

18
Q

What antibiotics target 50s protein synthesis?

A

Erythromycin

19
Q

What antibiotics target 30s protein synthesis?

A

Streptomycin

20
Q

What antibiotics target the cell membrane?

A

Daptomycin

21
Q

What antibiotics target folic acid metabolism?

A

Trimethoprim

Sulfonamides

22
Q

What is the process of bacterial cell wall synthesis?

A

Synthesis of cell wall precursors
Synthesis of new cell wall subunits attached to lipid carrier
Attachment of new wall unit to the growing peptidoglycan

23
Q

Why wouldn’t beta-lactam antibiotics work for mycoplasma pneumoniae?

A

Doesn’t have a peptidoglycan

24
Q

When do you use antibiotics?

A

Treatment of bacterial infections

Prophylaxis

25
Q

How do you work out antibiotic dose?

A

Minimum inhibitory clearance

26
Q

What does the minimum inhibitory clearance depend on?

A

Age, weight, renal and liver function and severity of infection

MBD/MI (Wothaya) (57 decks)

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