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MBD/MI (Wothaya) > Endocrine Disorders > Flashcards

Endocrine Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

What can we do to investigate endocrine disorders?

A

Measure hormone levels

Is endocrine tissue functional- dynamic tests of endocrine function

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2
Q

What are the levels of thyroid hormone in primary hypothyroidism?

A

Low

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3
Q

What are the levels of thyroid hormone in secondary hypothyroidism?

A

Low

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4
Q

What are the levels of thyroid hormone in primary hyperthyroidism?

A

High

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5
Q

What are the levels of thyroid hormone in secondary hyperthyroidism?

A

High

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6
Q

What are the levels of TSH in primary hypothyroidism?

A

High

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7
Q

What are the levels of TSH in secondary hypothyroidism?

A

Low

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8
Q

What are the levels of TSH in primary hyperthyroidism?

A

Low

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9
Q

What are the levels of TSH in secondary hypothyroidism?

A

Low

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10
Q

What are the levels of TSH in secondary hyperthyroidism?

A

High

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11
Q

What are the types of disorders of adrenocortical function?

A

Adrenal steroids
Adrenal hyperfunction
Adrenal insufficiency

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12
Q

What are the adrenal hyperfunction diseases?

A

Excess cortisol (cushings) and aldosterone (conn’s)

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13
Q

What are the adrenal insufficiency diseases?

A

Hypocortisolism

Lack of aldosterone and cortisol (Addisons)

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14
Q

What is aldosterone secretion activated by?

A

RAAS

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15
Q

What is useful in the diagnosis of primary hyperaldosteronism?

A

Plasma aldosterone : renin ratio

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16
Q

What are the functions of cortisol?

A

Immunosuppressant
Blood pressure
Preserve plasma glucose
Promotes lipolysis and gluconeogenesis

17
Q

What is the most common cause of cushings?

A

Iatrogenic

18
Q

What do exogenous glucocorticoids activate?

A

Cortisol receptor

19
Q

What will glucocorticoids do at high doses?

A

Shut down HPA

20
Q

What happens to the adrenal cortex with lack of ACTH stimulation?

A

Atrophies

21
Q

What is an adenoma?

A

ACTH secreting pituitary tumour or ectopic ACTH source

22
Q

What is the name of primary adrenal insufficiency?

A

Addisons

23
Q

What does primary adrenal insufficiency cause?

A

Insufficient cortisol and aldosterone

24
Q

What are secondary adrenal insufficiencies called?

A

Pituitary or hypothalamic disease

25
Q

What does secondary adrenal insufficiency cause?

A

Insufficient cortisol

26
Q

What are the lab features of addisons?

A

Hypotension
Normal/low Plasma sodium conc
Normal/high plasma potassium conc
High ACTH

27
Q

What may addisons be unmasked by?

A

Significant stress or illness

28
Q

What are the symptoms of addisons?

A 
Anorexia
Weakness/fatigue
Hyperpigmentation
GI symptoms
Salt cravings
Postural dizziness
Vitiligo
Muscle or joint pain
29
Q

What is addisons hallmarked by?

A

High ACTH and low cortisol

30
Q

What are the tests for addisons?

A

ACTH stimulation test

MBD/MI (Wothaya) (57 decks)

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