Overview Of Genome Technologies In Genetic Diagnostics Flashcards
Why do you need to do PCR for diagnostics?
Amplify enough DNA molecules so we have sufficient material for downstream applications
What is fragment analysis used for?
Detect repeat expansions or other small size changes
What is fragment analysis?
PCR followed by capillary electrophoresis
What is an example of a repeat expansion disease?
Huntingtons
What is the mutation in huntingtons?
CAC repeat expansion in the huntingtin HTT gene
Why is the huntingtons mutation bad?
The resulting protein is toxic and accumulates in neurons causing cell death
How is huntingtons diagnosed?
Fragment analysis
What mutation causes cutaneous vasculitis?
R1042G mutation in gene C3
What does FISH stand for?
Fluorescent in situ hybridisation
What is FISH used for?
Detect large chromosomal abnormalities
What is the method for FISH?
Design fluorescent probe to chromosomal region of interest
Denature probe and target
Mix probe and target DNA
What does CGH stand for in array-CGH?
Comparative genome hybridisation
What colour is the patient DNA labelled in array-CGH?
Green
What colour is the control DNA labelled in array-CGH?
Red
In array-CGH, what does an increase in green signal indicate?
A gene in the patient not present in control