SB full exam document Flashcards
Pathology of Paget’s disease
Abnormal osteoclast activity followed by increased osteoblast activity
Which bone tumours are you predisposed to if you have Paget’s
Fibrosarcoma
Osteosarcoma
Difference between osteoporosis and severe osteoporosis
Osteoporosis = BMD > 2.5 SD below young adult mean Severe = Same as above but with a fragility fracture
Which skin cancer is HPV a risk factor for
Squamous Cell
What medication can be given for acne vulgaris in women
Oral contraceptive pill
Name 2 oral tetracyclines that can be given in Acne vulgaris and the alternative in the case of a penicillin allergy
Doxycycline/ Lymecycline
Erythromycin if allergic
If someone is pregnant, what can be given for severe acne vulgaris instead of Oral Isotretinoin
Co-Cyprindiol
What metabolite builds up in PCT
Uroporphyrinogen III
What metabolite builds up in erythropoietic protoporphyria
Protoporphyrin IX
What metabolite builds up in acute intermittent porphyria
Porphobilinogen (PBG)
Which antibiotics are given for cellulitis in someone with a penicillin allergy?
Clindamycin -> Staph
Calrithyromycin -> Strep
What is osteopetrosis
Irregular increase in bone density
How are endometrial polyps treated
Myomectomy
Treatment for DKA
0.9% saline
50units Actrapid
Dextrose 10% once blood sugar is 15
Treatment for Hypoglycaemia
if able, 10-20g of glucose or glucose gel
If unconscious, 10% 150mls glucose
If no IV, give 1mg IM glucagon
What must GFR be to contraindicate Metformin
<30
What must be given with folate antagonists and name 2
Methotrexate, Trimethoprim Folic acid (5mg) supplements
Why should tetracyclines not be used in children
Risk of teeth discolouration and dental hypoplasia
Describe the full Centor Criteria
Tonsillar exudate
Fever
Tender anterior lymphadenopathy
Absence of a cough
Add 1 if <15 years old
Take away 1 if >44 years old
Acute complications of Bacterial tonsillitis
Scarlet fever
Quinsy
Otitis media
Late complications of Bacterial Tonsillitis
Rheumatic fever
Glomerulonephritis
Which virus presents very similarly to EBV and how can they be differentiated
CBV (Coxsackie B Virus)
EBV has heterophile antibodies
What should be used instead of Chloramphenicol in a pregnant woman
Fusidic acid
Treatment for endophthalmitis
Intra-vitreal Amikacin + Vancomycin
Which eye infection can form granules which cause blindness and what is the investigation
Toxocara - Serology
2 treatment options for bacterial keratitis
Ofloxacin
Gentamicin + Cefuroxime
Which tests show a tropia and a phoria
Cover test -> tropia Cross cover (breaking fusion) test -> phoria
Obese female in her 40’s presents with diplopia and papilloedema –>
Suspect CN VI palsy
Patients presents with painless loss of vision which returns in 5 mins, diagnosis + management
Amaurosis Fugax
Refer to TIA clinic
Which virus is associated with penis cancer
HPV 16
Name a testicular tumour marker that is seen in a Seminoma and one which is not seen in a Seminoma
PLAP –> seminoma
AFP not seen in seminoma
Triad of Prostatism
Hesitancy
Poor flow
Overflow incontinence
Which treatment is a seminoma sensitive to
Radiotherapy
What would a pepper pot appearance in the skull suggest
Multiple myeloma
