Pastest Endocrine Flashcards
What is Kallman Syndrome
Failure of episodic GnRH secretion and anosmia
What is the treatment for Kallman Syndrome
Testosterone replacement
Which endocrine disease is associated with HLA-DR3/4
Type 1 diabetes
What is the most common form of MODY
MODY 3 (HNF-1A gene)
What GI pathology is MODY 3 associated with
Hepatic Neoplasms
Which HLA is Grave’s associated with
Grave’s is associated with HLA-B8
Which HLA is Hashimoto’s thyroiditis associated with
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is associated with HLA-DR5
Nocturnal diarrhoea may occur as part of which complication of diabetes
Autonomic Neuropathy
Why would a pregnant woman have an OGTT at 28weeks
If she has a 1st degree relative with T2DM
Spade-shaped hands is a buzzword for which disease
Acromegaly
How does PTH lead to bone degradation and calcium release
PTH causes osteoblasts to increase production of RANK-L, which causes osteoclast activation
What kind of receptor does Growth hormone work via
Tyrosine kinase receptor
In which age group are Craniopharyngiomas more common than pituitary adenomas
Children
What should you suspect in a woman with postural hypotension after pregnancy
Hypopituitarism due to Sheehan syndrome
Is insulin resistance associated with high/low levels of leptin?
High
Which ratio is used to monitor nephropathy in diabetes
ACR (Albumin Creatinine)
Which endocrine disease can Carbamazepine cause
SIADH
What is serum potassium level like in someone with DKA
Can result in hypokalaemia but K+ tends to be high on presentation
Which cardio problem are DKA patients at high risk of
Thromboembolism
Treatment for someone in an Addisonian crisis
Fluid replacement with normal saline + hydrocortisone
Which endocrine disease can be described as end-organ resistance to PTH
Pseudohypoparathyroidism
Called pseudo because there is a biochemical picture of high phosphate and low calcium suggesting hypothyroidism but PTH is appropriately high
What is Pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism
Clinical picture of Pseudohypoparathyroidism but without the calcium abnormality
What neuro presentation can hyponatremia cause
Seizures
What thyroid abnormality can puberty and pregnancy cause
Goitre
What happens to calcium and phosphate levels in chronic Cushing’s syndrome and what can this lead to
Ca and Pho will be decreased, leading to secondary hyperparathyroidism
What is the test for Adult-onset growth hormone deficiency
Oral Insulin Tolerance test
opposite of growth hormone excess (Acromegaly)
Hyperpigmentation associated with Addison’s tends to affect which areas of the body
Scars and buccal mucosa
What will C-peptide levels be like in a patient with an insulinoma
C-peptide levels will be raised
as there is an excess of insulin being produced
Which endocrine disorder characteristically causes loss of outer 3rd of eyebrow
Hypothyroidism
Which type of thyroid cancer occurs in iodine-rich areas
Papillary
Which type of thyroid cancer can be difficult to classify as benign or malignant due to their similar cellular architecture
Follicular
Patients with Down’s Syndrome are more prone to having what thyroid abnormality
Hypothyroidism
