Pastest Endocrine

Question 1

What is Kallman Syndrome

Answer 1

Failure of episodic GnRH secretion and anosmia

Question 2

What is the treatment for Kallman Syndrome

Answer 2

Testosterone replacement

Question 3

Which endocrine disease is associated with HLA-DR3/4

Answer 3

Type 1 diabetes

Question 4

What is the most common form of MODY

Answer 4

MODY 3 (HNF-1A gene)

Question 5

What GI pathology is MODY 3 associated with

Answer 5

Hepatic Neoplasms

Question 6

Which HLA is Grave’s associated with

Answer 6

Grave’s is associated with HLA-B8

Question 7

Which HLA is Hashimoto’s thyroiditis associated with

Answer 7

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is associated with HLA-DR5

Question 8

Nocturnal diarrhoea may occur as part of which complication of diabetes

Answer 8

Autonomic Neuropathy

Question 9

Why would a pregnant woman have an OGTT at 28weeks

Answer 9

If she has a 1st degree relative with T2DM

Question 10

Spade-shaped hands is a buzzword for which disease

Answer 10

Acromegaly

Question 11

How does PTH lead to bone degradation and calcium release

Answer 11

PTH causes osteoblasts to increase production of RANK-L, which causes osteoclast activation

Question 12

What kind of receptor does Growth hormone work via

Answer 12

Tyrosine kinase receptor

Question 13

In which age group are Craniopharyngiomas more common than pituitary adenomas

Answer 13

Children

Question 14

What should you suspect in a woman with postural hypotension after pregnancy

Answer 14

Hypopituitarism due to Sheehan syndrome

Question 15

Is insulin resistance associated with high/low levels of leptin?

Answer 15

High

Question 16

Which ratio is used to monitor nephropathy in diabetes

Answer 16

ACR (Albumin Creatinine)

Question 17

Which endocrine disease can Carbamazepine cause

Answer 17

SIADH

Question 18

What is serum potassium level like in someone with DKA

Answer 18

Can result in hypokalaemia but K+ tends to be high on presentation

Question 19

Which cardio problem are DKA patients at high risk of

Answer 19

Thromboembolism

Question 20

Treatment for someone in an Addisonian crisis

Answer 20

Fluid replacement with normal saline + hydrocortisone

Question 21

Which endocrine disease can be described as end-organ resistance to PTH

Answer 21

Pseudohypoparathyroidism
Called pseudo because there is a biochemical picture of high phosphate and low calcium suggesting hypothyroidism but PTH is appropriately high

Question 22

What is Pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism

Answer 22

Clinical picture of Pseudohypoparathyroidism but without the calcium abnormality

Question 23

What neuro presentation can hyponatremia cause

Answer 23

Seizures

Question 24

What thyroid abnormality can puberty and pregnancy cause

Answer 24

Goitre

Question 25

What happens to calcium and phosphate levels in chronic Cushing’s syndrome and what can this lead to

Answer 25

Ca and Pho will be decreased, leading to secondary hyperparathyroidism

Question 26

What is the test for Adult-onset growth hormone deficiency

Answer 26

Oral Insulin Tolerance test | opposite of growth hormone excess (Acromegaly)

Question 27

Hyperpigmentation associated with Addison's tends to affect which areas of the body

Answer 27

Scars and buccal mucosa

Question 28

What will C-peptide levels be like in a patient with an insulinoma

Answer 28

C-peptide levels will be raised | as there is an excess of insulin being produced

Question 29

Which endocrine disorder characteristically causes loss of outer 3rd of eyebrow

Answer 29

Hypothyroidism

Question 30

Which type of thyroid cancer occurs in iodine-rich areas

Answer 30

Papillary

Question 31

Which type of thyroid cancer can be difficult to classify as benign or malignant due to their similar cellular architecture

Answer 31

Follicular

Question 32

Patients with Down’s Syndrome are more prone to having what thyroid abnormality

Answer 32

Hypothyroidism