Pastest Ophthalmology Flashcards
Which drugs can cause primary closed angle glaucoma
Drugs with anti-muscarinic action e.g nebulized ipratropium in a COPD or asthma patient
What is band keratopathy and why can it arise
When bands appear across the centre of the cornea, can occur with hypercalcaemia
What are Lisch Nodules and which disease are they associated with
Pigmented nodules affecting the iris
seen in NF type 1
A dendritic ulcer is associated with which eye pathology
Herpetic Keratitis
What does transient sudden visual loss with normal fundoscopy suggest
Suggests the problem is behind the fundus e.g optic neuropathy
Name a drug used to dilate pupil before ophthalmoscope use and it’s mechanism of action
Tropicamide (anti-muscarinic)
What type of ARMD does retinal neovascularization on fluorescein angiography suggest
Wet ARMD
What is hypromellose and what is it used for
Artificial tears – 1st line for keratoconjunctivitis sicca e.g Sjögren’s
What is Antazoline and what is it used for
Topical anti-histamine given for allergic eye disease e.g hayfever
Treatment for a chalazion
Apply heat and massage daily
What gene mutation is associated with retinoblastoma
Rb-1 gene (tumour suppression gene)
How many cotton wool spots and blot haemorrhages indicate pre-proliferative diabetic retinopathy and should be referred to ophthalmology
1 cotton wool spot
3 or more blot haemorrhages
What happens to pupil size with age
Gets smaller
