DUMS MSK ortho Flashcards
Which bone cancer has a 1% chance of malignant transformation
Osteochondroma
What is an enchondroma usually caused by
Failure of normal enchondral ossification at the growth plate
Which bone cancer can be described as a small nidus of immature bone surrounded by an intense sclerotic halo
Osteoid Osteoma
When is pain worst with an osteoid osteoma and how is this relieved
At night; mediated by prostaglandin release
NSAIDs
What chest deformity can be present in a patient with Marfan’s syndrome
Pectus Excavatum
What eye problems can be present in a patient with Marfan’s syndrome
Lens dislocation
Retinal detachment
What is the mode of inheritance for muscular dystrophies
X-Linked
What procedures can be done to check for DDH
Ortolani & Barlow procedures
What radiological investigation can be done to check for DDH
Ultrasound
What condition is the Pavlik harness used for
DDH
What is the commonest cause of juvenile hip pain and is it more common in boys or girls
Transient Synovitis
More common in boys
How is transient synovitis treated
Rest & NSAIDs
What is Perthes disease
Idiopathic Osteochondritis of the femoral head
What is the pathology of impingement syndrome
The tendons of the rotator cuff are compressed in the tight subacromial space during movement -> producing pain
How is impingement syndrome treated
Subacromial decompression
Which test is positive in lateral epicondylitis
Mill’s test
What is the pathology of trigger finger
Nodular enlargement of a flexor tendon to a digit
Movement of finger creates a clicking sensation - catching of A1 pulley
What movement are the dorsal interossei of the digits responsible for
DAB
Dorsal - Abduction
What movement are the palmar interossei of the digits responsible for
PAD
Palmar - Adduction
Which movements does the ACL resist
Internal tibial rotation
Anterior translation of the tibia
Which movements does the PCL resist
Hyperextension
Posterior translation of the tibia
Which collateral ligament is less forgiving & stable and will most likely require reconstruction
LCL
Which collateral ligament is stronger and which one is more commonly injured
MCL is stronger but also usually resists greater force and so is more commonly injured than the LCL
Which surgical procedure can be offered to a patient with recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation
Bankart repair
Which nerve and artery at risk from a humeral shaft fracture
Radial nerve
Brachial artery
Dinner fork deformity on X ray =
Colles Fracture
If someone presents with pain + an externally rotated, shortened leg, what should you suspect
Hip fracture
Why is ultrasound is used to diagnose DDH rather than X-ray
Paediatric bones haven’t ossified so don’t show up on X-ray
