Child Health Rafi unknown

Question 1

Height measurement is recorded to the nearest what

Answer 1

Millimetre

Question 2

Height measurement is taken on expiration true/false

Answer 2

true

Question 3

What do birth centile charts show

Answer 3

Show child’s size compared to other children of same-sex and age

Question 4

What is the best measure of if a child over 2 is fat or thin

Answer 4

BMI

Question 5

Define a normal BMI in terms of centiles

Answer 5

25 to 75

Question 6

Define overweight and obese centiles

Answer 6

over 91 - overweight

over 98 - obese

Question 7

Define pubertal delay in boys and girls

Answer 7

no signs of puberty by 13 in girls and 14 in boys

Question 8

In the first 2 years what might be the cause of an excess protein intake

Answer 8

Formula Milk

Commercial weaning products

Question 9

Name 3 dietary sources of Vitamin A

Answer 9

Cheese eggs and yoghurt

Question 10

Name 3 dietary sources of Vitamin C

Answer 10

Potatoes oranges and blackcurrant

Question 11

Name 3 sources of Vitamin D

Answer 11

Sunlight, Eggs, Oily fish

Question 12

What vitamin supplements and in what situation should children over 6months take

Answer 12

A, C, D if consuming less than 500mls of formula

Question 13

Exclusive breastfeeding is recommended for how long

Answer 13

6 months

Question 14

What is infant formula

Answer 14

Modified cow milk with casein/whey

Question 15

When should full fat/semi-skimmed/skimmed milk be started

Answer 15

Full fat - 1 year
Semi-skimmed - 2 years
Skimmed - 5 years

Question 16

What is the average age of onset of puberty in boys n girls

Answer 16

Boys 11.5

Girls 11

Question 17

What do Adrenarche, Menarche and Thelarche mean and which order do they typically come in

Answer 17

Thelarche –> Breast bud development
Adrenarche –> Body Hair + odour
Menarche –> First period

Question 18

Define early puberty in girls and boys

Answer 18

Girls before 8

Boys before 9

Question 19

What is the ATNR reflex

Answer 19

Also called the fencing reflex
Asymmetric Tonic Neck Reflex
Prevents babies rolling off edges
Lost by 4-6 months

Question 20

Name the 4 major patterns of developmental delay

Answer 20

Global
Specific
Regression
Deviation

Question 21

Difference between developmental delay and learning disability

Answer 21

learning disability is the term used for children aged 5 and over

Question 22

Define Mild and Severe learning disability in terms of IQ

Answer 22

Mild - below 70

Severe - below 50

Question 23

Name 6 red flags for developmental delay

Answer 23

Asymmetry of movement 
Loss of skills 
Not reaching for things by 6 months 
Not sitting unsupported by 12 months 
Not walking by 18 months --> CK 
Not speaking by 18 months 
No social smile by 6 weeks

Question 24

Name 2 diseases which could cause Motor delay

Answer 24

DMD

Cerebral palsy

Question 25

Name 2 diseases that could cause Sensory deficit & delay

Answer 25

Oculo-cutaneous Albinism | Treacher-Collins syndrome

Question 26

What is the main disease of deviation delay

Answer 26

Autism

Question 27

Triad of autism

Answer 27

Altered communication Altered social interaction Altered flexibility of imagination

Question 28

A child with milky projectile vomit, weight loss and a palpable abdominal mass Diagnosis + investigation

Answer 28

Pyloric stenosis | Abdo USS

Question 29

A child with bile coloured vomit | Diagnosis + investigation

Answer 29

Malrotation until proven otherwise

Question 30

A child with red currant jelly stools | Diagnosis + treatment

Answer 30

Intusseption | Air in anus

Question 31

Risk factors for intusseption

Answer 31

HSP Meckel's Rotavirus

Question 32

Most important cause of acute scrotum

Answer 32

Hydatid of Morgagni

Question 33

What is hydrocele and what causes it

Answer 33

Fluid around testis | Patent processus vaginalis

Question 34

Test to check for undescended testes

Answer 34

Soap test | Apply soap and palpate for testicle from ASIS

Question 35

When is the APGAR check done

Answer 35

At 1 min then again at 5mins

Question 36

Name the parts of the APGAR score

Answer 36

``` Appearance Pulse Grimace Activity Respiration ```

Question 37

What is a normal score for APGAR

Answer 37

7,8,9 | 10 is unlikely

Question 38

Why is IM Vitamin K given to newborns

Answer 38

Prevents haemorrhagic disease

Question 39

Which subgroup of meningococcal disease is most serious

Answer 39

B

Question 40

Which artery is most commonly occluded in malrotation with volvulus

Answer 40

SMA --> affects Midgut

Question 41

What is phimosis

Answer 41

Congenital narrowing of the foreskin so it can't be retracted

Question 42

As a child ages what happens to HR, RR and BP

Answer 42

Heart rate decreases Systolic BP increases Resp rate decreases

Question 43

Which do children struggle more with resp infections than adults

Answer 43

High Anterior Larynx | Floppy Epiglottis

Question 44

Why are steroid given in croup

Answer 44

To decrease oedema

Question 45

What are the two main causes of respiratory arrest

Answer 45

Resp distress | Resp depression

Question 46

How much saline should you give to a hypotensive child

Answer 46

20mls/kg of 0.9% NaCl

Question 47

What is the treatment for bacterial meningitis in a child under 3 months

Answer 47

IV cefotaxime + amoxicillin

Question 48

What organism causes mumps

Answer 48

Rubulavirus

Question 49

Treatment for mumps

Answer 49

Supportive | Notify pub. health

Question 50

How is mumps spread

Answer 50

Saliva droplets

Question 51

The incubation period of mumps

Answer 51

17 days

Question 52

Which organism causes measles

Answer 52

Morbilivirus

Question 53

The incubation period of measles

Answer 53

10 days

Question 54

How is measles spread

Answer 54

Airborne

Question 55

Treatment for measles

Answer 55

Supportive | Notify pub. health

Question 56

How is measles diagnosed

Answer 56

Salivary IgM

Question 57

What is the classic triad of measles in the prodromal phase of the disease

Answer 57

Conjunctivitis A cough Coryza

Question 58

What are the white lesions in the buccal mucosa seen in measles called

Answer 58

Koplik spots

Question 59

What are the 2 broad types of vaccines

Answer 59

Live | Inactivated

Question 60

Examples of live attenuated vaccines

Answer 60

MMR, Rotavirus, Zoster, Flu

Question 61

Name the 3 types of inactivated vaccine

Answer 61

Suspensions Subunit Conjugate

Question 62

Examples of inactivated suspension vaccines

Answer 62

Whole cell Pertussis | Whole cell Typhois

Question 63

Examples of inactivated subunit vaccines

Answer 63

Diptheria toxoid

Question 64

Examples of inactivated conjugate vaccines

Answer 64

MenC | HiB

Question 65

Which severe allergy is a contraindication to receiving a vaccine

Answer 65

Latex

Question 66

If you have an egg allergy, which vaccines can you not take

Answer 66

Yellow Fever | Flu

Question 67

What can a heel prick test be used to screen for and what is another name for it

Answer 67

Guthrie test done on day 5 can detect congenital thyroid problems or PKU

Question 68

What is the Moro reflex

Answer 68

Baby spreads arms out, then back in, then cries.

Question 69

When does the Moro reflex disappear

Answer 69

4-5months

Question 70

What is the ATNR reflex and what is another name for it

Answer 70

fencing reflex | When the arm extends the direction that the babies head is facing and the opposite side is flexed

Question 71

When does the ATNR reflex appear and disappear

Answer 71

Appears at 2-3 weeks | Disappears by 6-9 months

Question 72

What is the grasp reflex

Answer 72

When an object is placed in the infant’s hand and strokes their palm, the fingers will close around it and they will grasp it

Question 73

When does the grasp reflex appear and disappear

Answer 73

Appears at birth | Disappears at 5-6 months

Question 74

What are the rooting and sucking reflexes

Answer 74

Rooting - Infant turns head toward anything that strokes his cheek or mouth, searching for the object by moving his head until the object is found Sucking - Child instinctively suck anything that touches the roof of the mouth

Question 75

When does the rooting reflex disappear

Answer 75

Around 4 months