safe wastage disposal Flashcards
what is waste ?
unwanted or unusable materials
what is the aim of sewage treatment ?
to improve the quality of wastewater to a level where it can be safely reused for agriculture purposes
what is the main source of waste ?
construction
what is the most prevalent method of solid waste disposal ?
landfill
what is the benefit of controlled sanitary landfill ?
methane gas produced by anaerobic decomposition can be recovered for use
what are the disadvantages of open dumping ?
- foul smell
- provides a medium for germs, viruses and vermin to breed, and becomes a source for many diseases
- open dumping can contaminate the ground water and soil
what are biogas methods ?
animal wastes to be used for production of methane for energy produced for home or general use
what is composting ?
a process involving biological decomposition of organic waste into humus which is used as a fertilizer
what is incineration ?
involves converting waste materials into ash flue gas and heat
when is incineration used ?
when a suitable land for controlled landfill is not available
what is the best way to dispose hazardous hospital waste ?
incineration
what type of toxic gases are released due to incineration ?
dioxins and furans
what items can go into the composite boxes ?
soiled paper
fruit peels
UCLA food containers
what type of items can go into the landfill box ?
plastic bottles with liquid
cans with liquid
coffee cups
paper towels
what kind of items can go into the recyclable items ?
milk/juice cartons glass bottles coffee lids and sleeves newspapers plastic bottles
what is hospital waste ?
any waste which is generated in the diagnosis, treatment or immunization of human beings or animals or in research
what are the categories of hospital waste ?
infectious waste pathological waste sharp waste chemical waste pharmaceutical waste cytotoxic waste radioactive waste non-hazardous waste
what is the process of hospital waste management ?
sorting
handling
interim storage
final disposal
where should the sorting stage occur ?
color coded bags at the place where it is generated
what are red bins in the sorting stage used for ?
anatomical waste , infectious and pathological
what are the yellow bins in the sorting stage used for ?
radioactive waste
where should handling happen ?
within the facility
when should medical waste and sharps container be discarded ?
when they are about three quarters full or at least once a day
what is interim storage ?
storing waste within the facility until it can be transported for final disposal
how should radio-active waste be handled ?
must be kept in special containers (lead)
how is pharmaceutical waste handled ?
returns to the pharmacy in the hospital to deal with
how are sharps dealt with ?
are shredded then incinerated
how is general waste handled ?
managed as any domestic waste controlled landfill
what are grey/black bags used for inn the sorting stage ?
general waste
