data collection Flashcards
what is the milestone for any evidence-based decision ?
data collection
what is hard data ?
verifiable facts that are acquired from reliable sources following a robust methodology
what is soft data ?
are based on qualitative information as
observation, rating scales
what are the classifications of data ?
primary and secondary
what cann primary data be divided into ?
observation
interview
questionnaire
what can secondary data be divided into ?
published and unpublished
what are the characteristics of primary data ?
they are collected fresh and for the first time from the field under the supervision and the control of a researcher
what is secondary data ?
data that someone else has collected
what are the sources of primary data ?
surveys
experimental and observational studies
what are the sources of secondary data ?
vital statstics
hospitals, clinics, school nurse record
census
databases
what are the limitations of primary data ?
time and money consuming
need pilot testing
need training of data collectors
what are the limitations of secondary data ?
may be old data
the data set may be incomplete
the data may be inaccurate
data provided may not be what you need
how can the evaluation regarding a certain performance be tested ?
through checklists
what tool can be used in order to organize and report data in the medical research ?
case report form and worksheet
what instrument can be used to collect data inn research regarding a specific topic ?
questionnaires
what are the advantages of questionnaires ?
- target large amount of people
- specific objectives
- used to describe, compare or explain
what are the limitations of a questionnaire ?
- provides only limited insight into problems
- varying response
- need to get it right first time
- information is self-reported
what are the types of questionnaire ?
face to face
or
by mail or internet
what is a self administered questionnaire ?
a series of questions that are filled in by the respondents without the interviewer
what are the disadvantages of self administered questionnaires ?
- it needs a certain level of education
- doesn’t include the physically impaired
- questions can be misunderstood
- response rate is lower than the face to face questionnaire
what are the types of closed questions ?
- the dichotomous answer
- checklist
- rating scale
- numerical rating scale
- scale for measuring attitude (likert)
generally what type of question should health questionnaires start with ?
name
age
gender
in terms of difficulty levels what type of questions should be started with ?
easier questions at the beginning
what are the two types of errors in questionnaire design ?
- errors in question wording
2. errors in construction of response categories
what does a double barreled question mean ?
a question that touches more than one topic
what is the difference between surveys and questionnaires ?
- survey refers to descriptive research techniques
2. a questionnaire refers to a data collection tool through which information is obtained
what is the difference between the validity and the reliability of a questionnaire ?
reliability is basically how well this questionnaire can be repeated and give the same results
validity measure how well a toll can measure what its meant to measure
