data collection

Question 1

what is the milestone for any evidence-based decision ?

Answer 1

data collection

Question 2

what is hard data ?

Answer 2

verifiable facts that are acquired from reliable sources following a robust methodology

Question 3

what is soft data ?

Answer 3

are based on qualitative information as

observation, rating scales

Question 4

what are the classifications of data ?

Answer 4

primary and secondary

Question 5

what cann primary data be divided into ?

Answer 5

observation
interview
questionnaire

Question 6

what can secondary data be divided into ?

Answer 6

published and unpublished

Question 7

what are the characteristics of primary data ?

Answer 7

they are collected fresh and for the first time from the field under the supervision and the control of a researcher

Question 8

what is secondary data ?

Answer 8

data that someone else has collected

Question 9

what are the sources of primary data ?

Answer 9

surveys

experimental and observational studies

Question 10

what are the sources of secondary data ?

Answer 10

vital statstics
hospitals, clinics, school nurse record
census
databases

Question 11

what are the limitations of primary data ?

Answer 11

time and money consuming
need pilot testing
need training of data collectors

Question 12

what are the limitations of secondary data ?

Answer 12

may be old data
the data set may be incomplete
the data may be inaccurate
data provided may not be what you need

Question 13

how can the evaluation regarding a certain performance be tested ?

Answer 13

through checklists

Question 14

what tool can be used in order to organize and report data in the medical research ?

Answer 14

case report form and worksheet

Question 15

what instrument can be used to collect data inn research regarding a specific topic ?

Answer 15

questionnaires

Question 16

what are the advantages of questionnaires ?

Answer 16

1. target large amount of people
2. specific objectives
3. used to describe, compare or explain

Question 17

what are the limitations of a questionnaire ?

Answer 17

1. provides only limited insight into problems
2. varying response
3. need to get it right first time
4. information is self-reported

Question 18

what are the types of questionnaire ?

Answer 18

face to face
or
by mail or internet

Question 19

what is a self administered questionnaire ?

Answer 19

a series of questions that are filled in by the respondents without the interviewer

Question 20

what are the disadvantages of self administered questionnaires ?

Answer 20

1. it needs a certain level of education
2. doesn’t include the physically impaired
3. questions can be misunderstood
4. response rate is lower than the face to face questionnaire

Question 21

what are the types of closed questions ?

Answer 21

1. the dichotomous answer
2. checklist
3. rating scale
4. numerical rating scale
5. scale for measuring attitude (likert)

Question 22

generally what type of question should health questionnaires start with ?

Answer 22

name
age
gender

Question 23

in terms of difficulty levels what type of questions should be started with ?

Answer 23

easier questions at the beginning

Question 24

what are the two types of errors in questionnaire design ?

Answer 24

1. errors in question wording

2. errors in construction of response categories

Question 25

what does a double barreled question mean ?

Answer 25

a question that touches more than one topic

Question 26

what is the difference between surveys and questionnaires ?

Answer 26

1. survey refers to descriptive research techniques

2. a questionnaire refers to a data collection tool through which information is obtained

Question 27

what is the difference between the validity and the reliability of a questionnaire ?

Answer 27

reliability is basically how well this questionnaire can be repeated and give the same results
validity measure how well a toll can measure what its meant to measure