S2E5: Poisoned pt Flashcards

1
Q

Cardiac arrhythmias causes

A

over dose of ephedrine, amphetamines, cocaine, digitalis, theophylline, TCAD

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2
Q

cellular hypoxic death causes

A

cyanide, hydrogen sulfide, CO

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3
Q

seizure & death causes

A

over dose of antidepressants, isoniazid, diphenhydramine, cocaine, amphetamine

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4
Q

Tylenol OD effect

A

massive hepatic necrosis 48-72 hr post ingestion

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5
Q

thiamine and glucose for…

A

wernick’s encephalopathy and hypoglycemia

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6
Q

narcotic antagonist (narcan) for…

A

narcotic OD

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7
Q

flumazenil for….

A

benzo OD (but careful if TCAD, seizure d/o, or benzo dependence, bc can cause seizures)

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8
Q

HTN and tachycardia typical with…

A

amphetamines, cocaine, anticholinergics

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9
Q

hypotension and bradycardia typical with…

A

CCB, Beta blockers, clonidine, sedative hypnotics

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10
Q

hypotension and tachycardia typical with…

A

TCAD, trazodone, quetipine, vasodilators, beta agonists

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11
Q

rapid respirations typical with…

A

salicylates, CO

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12
Q

hyperthermia typical with…

A

anticholinergics, salicylates, drugs producing seizures

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13
Q

hypothermia typical with…

A

CNS depressant drug

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14
Q

miosis typical with…

A

narcotics, clonidine, phenothiazines, cholinesterase inhibitors, deep coma

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15
Q

mydriasis (dilation) typical with…

A

amphetamines, cocaine, LSD, anticholinergics

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16
Q

horizontal nystagmus typical with…

A

sedative hypnotics, phenobarbital, phenytoin, EtOH

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17
Q

vertical and horizontal nystagmus typical with…

A

PCP

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18
Q

ABG looks at…

A

oxygenation (low PO2 and high PCO2 is failure)

pH (acidosis = poor perfusion)

19
Q

electrolytes look at…

A

potassium

anion gap

20
Q

serum osm looks at…

A

chemicals dissolved in blood. Works for sodium, chloride, bicarb, proteins, sugar.

21
Q

Wide QRS typical with…

22
Q

prolonged QT typical with…

A

quinidine, lithium, antipsychotics

23
Q

AV block typical with…

24
Q

Ipecac instructions

A

w/in 30 min w 8 oz water. Only if poison control says so.

25
Ipecac contraindications
corrosives, petroleum-based, rapid acting convulsant
26
activated charcoal use
Most helpful (but not w corrosives)
27
Urinary alkalinization (Sodium bicarb IV) use
if toxic substance is weak acid (phenobarbital or ASA). Enhances elimination.
28
dialysis use
for ethylene glycol, methanol, EtOH, lithium, ASA, theophylline
29
APAP max dose
kids: 150-200 mg/kg adults: 7g
30
APAP antidote
N-acetyl-cysteine
31
anticholinergic OD tx
supportive, sedation
32
anticholinergic antidote
physostigmine (give carefully and not with TCAD)
33
TCAD antidote
sodium bicarb
34
ASA max dose
> 200 mg/kg
35
ASA OD tx
gastric lavage, activated charcoal. IVF, IV sodium bicarb Maybe dialysis if severe toxicity
36
beta blocker OD tx
glucagon
37
CCB OD tx
calcium
38
cyanide antidote
activated charcoal nitrates hydroxycobolamin
39
ethylene glycol (antifreeze) antidote
fomepizole (inhibits alcohol dehydrogenase)
40
methanol antidote
fomepizole | same as ethylene glycol
41
ethanol OD tx
supportive (IVF) | dialysis if severe
42
benzo antidote
flumazenil (not good if benzo dependent)
43
Hydrocarbon tx
resp support
44
iron antidote
deferoxamine (desferal)