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Pharm > S2E5: Poisoned pt > Flashcards

S2E5: Poisoned pt Flashcards

1
Q

Cardiac arrhythmias causes

A

over dose of ephedrine, amphetamines, cocaine, digitalis, theophylline, TCAD

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2
Q

cellular hypoxic death causes

A

cyanide, hydrogen sulfide, CO

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3
Q

seizure & death causes

A

over dose of antidepressants, isoniazid, diphenhydramine, cocaine, amphetamine

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4
Q

Tylenol OD effect

A

massive hepatic necrosis 48-72 hr post ingestion

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5
Q

thiamine and glucose for…

A

wernick’s encephalopathy and hypoglycemia

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6
Q

narcotic antagonist (narcan) for…

A

narcotic OD

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7
Q

flumazenil for….

A

benzo OD (but careful if TCAD, seizure d/o, or benzo dependence, bc can cause seizures)

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8
Q

HTN and tachycardia typical with…

A

amphetamines, cocaine, anticholinergics

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9
Q

hypotension and bradycardia typical with…

A

CCB, Beta blockers, clonidine, sedative hypnotics

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10
Q

hypotension and tachycardia typical with…

A

TCAD, trazodone, quetipine, vasodilators, beta agonists

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11
Q

rapid respirations typical with…

A

salicylates, CO

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12
Q

hyperthermia typical with…

A

anticholinergics, salicylates, drugs producing seizures

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13
Q

hypothermia typical with…

A

CNS depressant drug

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14
Q

miosis typical with…

A

narcotics, clonidine, phenothiazines, cholinesterase inhibitors, deep coma

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15
Q

mydriasis (dilation) typical with…

A

amphetamines, cocaine, LSD, anticholinergics

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16
Q

horizontal nystagmus typical with…

A

sedative hypnotics, phenobarbital, phenytoin, EtOH

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17
Q

vertical and horizontal nystagmus typical with…

A

PCP

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18
Q

ABG looks at…

A

oxygenation (low PO2 and high PCO2 is failure)

pH (acidosis = poor perfusion)

19
Q

electrolytes look at…

A

potassium

anion gap

20
Q

serum osm looks at…

A

chemicals dissolved in blood. Works for sodium, chloride, bicarb, proteins, sugar.

21
Q

Wide QRS typical with…

A

TCAD

22
Q

prolonged QT typical with…

A

quinidine, lithium, antipsychotics

23
Q

AV block typical with…

A

digoxin

24
Q

Ipecac instructions

A

w/in 30 min w 8 oz water. Only if poison control says so.

25
Q

Ipecac contraindications

A

corrosives, petroleum-based, rapid acting convulsant

26
Q

activated charcoal use

A

Most helpful (but not w corrosives)

27
Q

Urinary alkalinization (Sodium bicarb IV) use

A

if toxic substance is weak acid (phenobarbital or ASA). Enhances elimination.

28
Q

dialysis use

A

for ethylene glycol, methanol, EtOH, lithium, ASA, theophylline

29
Q

APAP max dose

A

kids: 150-200 mg/kg
adults: 7g

30
Q

APAP antidote

A

N-acetyl-cysteine

31
Q

anticholinergic OD tx

A

supportive, sedation

32
Q

anticholinergic antidote

A

physostigmine (give carefully and not with TCAD)

33
Q

TCAD antidote

A

sodium bicarb

34
Q

ASA max dose

A

> 200 mg/kg

35
Q

ASA OD tx

A

gastric lavage, activated charcoal.
IVF, IV sodium bicarb
Maybe dialysis if severe toxicity

36
Q

beta blocker OD tx

A

glucagon

37
Q

CCB OD tx

A

calcium

38
Q

cyanide antidote

A

activated charcoal
nitrates
hydroxycobolamin

39
Q

ethylene glycol (antifreeze) antidote

A

fomepizole (inhibits alcohol dehydrogenase)

40
Q

methanol antidote

A

fomepizole

same as ethylene glycol

41
Q

ethanol OD tx

A

supportive (IVF)

dialysis if severe

42
Q

benzo antidote

A

flumazenil (not good if benzo dependent)

43
Q

Hydrocarbon tx

A

resp support

44
Q

iron antidote

A

deferoxamine (desferal)

Pharm (37 decks)

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