RTK and example

Question 1

RTK

Answer 1

Receptor tyrosine Kinases

Question 2

Insulin RTK process

Answer 2

1) Insulin receptor binds insulin and undergoes autophosphorylation on its carboxyl-terminal Tyr residues 2) phosphorylates IRS-1 3) Grb2 phosphorylated by IRS-1; sos binds to Grb2, then sos binds to Ras, GDP leaves Ras, then GTP gets to Ras; 3) Activated Ras binds to and activates Raf-1 4) Raf-1 phosphorylates MEK (MAP Kinase Kinase) 4) MEK phosphorylates ERK 5) ERK enters the nucleus phosphorylates nuclear transcription factors (Elk 1)

Question 3

Raf-1

Answer 3

MAP Kinase Kinase Kinase MAPKKK

Question 4

MEK

Answer 4

Mitogen-activated, (ERK-activating) kinase MAPKK;

Question 5

ERK

Answer 5

Extracellular regulated kinase; MAP kinase; moves into the nucleus and phosphorylates nuclear transcription factors