Revolutions And Reform

Question 1

Belgian and polish Revolutions (1830-31)

Answer 1

BELGIUM? Successful, agree to maintain neutrality

Poland? Not so much! Nicholas I brutally crushed them

Question 2

Greek Revolution

1820’s

Answer 2

Revolt against Islamic Turks

European intellectuals see it as a holy cause-> support-> victory! 1829

Question 3

British reforms!

Help it avoid Revolution

Answer 3

Reform act of 1832- 2x can vote 
Abolition of slavery
Poor law of 1834- kinds strict
Corn laws repealed 
Mines act- ban women and children
Ten hours act- limit hours

Question 4

3 causes for 1848 revs

Answer 4

1. Liberals frustrated at lack of change
2. Increasing nationalism
3. Working class was suffering (hungry 40’s) and jobs lost

Question 5

Summary of french rev of 1848

Answer 5

Louis phillipe is overthrown
Provisional govt established
Blancs national workshops enacted
Socialist radicals attack assembly
June days- class violence between radicals and republicans
Results in a moderate republic with Louis Napoleon as president

Question 6

Prussian rev of 1848

Answer 6

Frederick William IV agreed to a Prussian assembly and constitution
Grants polish minorities freedom! Buuut army regains power and its reversed
Overall? Failure

Question 7

Frankfurt rev of 1848

Answer 7

Conservatives meet to discuss how much of Germany should be united
Liberals issue overthrow things and issue declaration of rights
Frankfurt assembly offers Frederick William IV the throne, but he doesn’t want to rule, so unification doesn’t happen til Bismarck

Question 8

Austrian rev of 1848

Answer 8

Workers and students rebel, Metternich flees
Serfdom is abolished
Franz Joseph I becomes emperor and agrees to a constitution
But then he rejects it and crushes opposition! Woo!

Question 9

Hungarian rev of 1848

Answer 9

Magyars get liberty and a constitution that promotes their language, but oppressed other Slavic minorities
Hungary declares independence
Austria eventually crushes it by putting minorities against eachother

Question 10

Italy rev of 1848

Answer 10

Rise against Austrian rule
Encouraged by Charles Albert of Piedmont Sardinia
Giuseppe Mazzini-ITALIAN nationalist who established roman republic
Serfdom is abolished
Austria wins in the end

Question 11

Why did the revolutions of 1848 largely fail?

Answer 11

1. Revolutionaries were too lofty!
2. Conservatives exploited middle Calais fear of radicals
3. Also pitted ethnic minorities against eachother

Question 12

Effects of 1848 revs

Answer 12

They set stage for rise of socialism and division between middle and lower class
Turns tide away from romanticism and towards realism!
Conservatives can't just ignore nationalism! They have to create it from the top down!! Whoa

Question 13

Revolutions of 1830 (France)

Answer 13

Charles x gave power to clergy and aristocrats, censored press
Republicans and moderates overthrow
Replaced by king louis Philippe (bourgeois king)