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NUR 110/111 > Respiratory System, C31; WB, > Flashcards

Respiratory System, C31; WB, Flashcards

Module/Week 11

1
Q

_______ are respiration’s main organ.

A

Lungs

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2
Q

___________ connects Lungs to Trachea.

A

Bronchus

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3
Q

Diaphragm

A

separates chest cavity from abdominal cavity; assists in Ventilation

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4
Q

___________ separates chest cavity from abdominal cavity; assists in Ventilation.

A

Diapragm

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5
Q

Bronchi

A

Trachea’s split (one to left Lung, one to right)

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6
Q

Trachea’s split (one to left Lung, one to right) are called ____________.

A

Bronchi

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7
Q

Bronchiole

A

tiniest Bronchi branches

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8
Q

__________ are the tiniest Bronchi branches.

A

Bronchiole

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9
Q

Larynx

A

responsible for speech

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10
Q

___________ is responsible for speech.

A

Larynx

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11
Q

__________ covers Larynx when we swallow.

A

Epiglottis

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12
Q

Trachea

A

carries air from Larynx to Lungs

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13
Q

Trachea carries air from ___________ to ______.

A

Larynx, Lungs

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14
Q

“C”-shaped rings of __________ give Trachea characteristic ridged appearance; these cartilage rings support Trachea & keep it ____.

A

cartilage, open

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15
Q

Pharynx is in the ______ area.

A

throat

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16
Q

_________ allows us to breathe through nose & mouth.

A

Pharynx

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17
Q

Pharynx’s 3 sections:

A

Nasopharynx (behind Nasal Cavities)
Oropharynx (behind mouth)
Laryngeal Pharynx (above Larynx)

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18
Q

Nasopharynx (behind Nasal Cavities)
Oropharynx (behind mouth)
Laryngeal Pharynx (above Larynx)

are __________ 3 sections.

A

Pharynx’s

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19
Q

4 Lower Respiratory tract structures:

A

Trachea
Bronchi
Bronchioles
Lungs

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20
Q

Trachea
Bronchi
Bronchioles
Lungs

are 4 structures that make up the . . .

A

. . . Lower Respiratory Tract.

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21
Q

Blood vessels in respiratory tract’s mucous membrane transfer ____ ____ to air, ________ it to comfortable temperature.

A

body heat, warming

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22
Q

______ ________ in respiratory tract’s mucous membrane transfer body heat to air, warming it to comfortable temperature.

A

Blood vessels

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23
Q

Alveoli

A

tiny air sac clusters where gas exchange occurs

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24
Q

Tint blood vessel networks surround _________ where Gas Exchange occurs.

A

Alveoli

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25
Q

___________ are tiny air sac clusters where gas exchange occurs.

A

Alveoli

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26
Q

Trachea’s mucous membrane lining & Bronchi contain millions of _______, tiny hair-like structures.

A

Cilia

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27
Q

Mucus

A

slippery, sticky substance secreted by special cells

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28
Q

_______ is a slippery, sticky substance secreted by special cells.

A

Mucus

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29
Q

Cilia move _________, moving mucus toward _________ so it can be coughed up.

A

constantly, Pharynx

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30
Q

Cilia ____ regain function if paralyzed by tobacco.

A

can

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31
Q

Tobacco smoke chemicals _________ Cilia that line Trachea & Bronchi.

A

paralyze

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32
Q

Laryngitis usually affects ability to ______.

A

talk/speak

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33
Q

Laryngitits

A

Larynx inflammation

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34
Q

Ventilation’s 2 phases: inhalation and exhalation

A

Inhalation & Exhalation

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35
Q

___________ Muscles help with respiratory effort by expanding chest cavity’s size.

A

Intercostal

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36
Q

________ _________ System (in the brain part called _________) controls breathing depth & rate.

A

Central Nervous, Medulla

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37
Q

Chemoreceptors

A

monitor carbon dioxide & oxygen levels in blood, adjusting breathing’s rate & depth through CNS

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38
Q

____________________ monitor carbon dioxide & oxygen levels in blood, adjusting breathing’s rate & depth through CNS.

A

Chemoreceptors

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39
Q

For carbon dioxide to be moved from blood stream to air in Lungs, it must be in __________.

A

Alveolus

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40
Q

Toxic substances chronically inhaled _______ Lungs’ delicate membranes & airways (& they stay that way).

A

inflamed

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41
Q

3 factors that place older people at higher risk for respiratory infections than younger people:

A
  • less effective immune system
  • more severe
  • immobility (>weak cough>secretions stay)
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42
Q

A person who has become weak (as result of immobility) mayn’t be able to cough __________ enough to clear Lungs of secretions, which can lead to developing Pneumonia.

A

forcefully

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43
Q

Pneumonia is associated with a ____________ Cough.

A

Productive

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44
Q

Pneumonia

A

Lung tissue inflammation

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45
Q

Lung tissue inflammation is called _______________.

A

Pneumonia

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46
Q

Pneumonia is _______ Respiratory Tract infection (because it’s caused by ___________).

A

Lower, bacteria

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47
Q

NAs ____ allowed to collect sputum specimens for analysis.

A

are

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48
Q

Pleura

A

membrane lining chest cavity & covering Lungs

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49
Q

__________ is the membrane lining chest cavity & covering Lungs.

A

Pleura

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50
Q

Pleurisy

A

Pleura inflammation

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51
Q

Pleura inflammation is called _______.

A

Pleurisy

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52
Q

Pleurisy often accompanies ______ Respiratory Tract infections (Pneumonia).

A

Lower

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53
Q

Sputum & Phlegm are both . . .

A

. . . the same thing.

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54
Q

Phlegm/Sputum

A

Mucus & other respiratory secretions coughed up from Lungs, Bronchi, & Trachea

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55
Q

________/________ is Mucus & other respiratory secretions coughed up from Lungs, Bronchi, & Trachea.

A

Phlegm/Sputum

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56
Q

Hemoptysis

A

coughing up blood

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57
Q

Coughing up blood is called ___________.

A

hemoptysis

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58
Q

Hemothorax

A

occurs when blood builds up in space between Lungs & chest wall

59
Q

__________ bleeding (from chest injury or Lung tissue rupture) can cause Hemothorax

A

Internal

60
Q

_____________ occurs when blood builds up in space between Lungs & chest wall.

A

Hemothorax

61
Q

Pneumothorax

A

occurs when air builds up in space between Lungs & chest wall

62
Q

A ____________ chest wound can cause air to be drawn into chest cavity through wound.

A

penetrating

63
Q

____________________ occurs when air builds up in space between Lungs & chest wall.

A

Pneumothorax

64
Q

_______ Chest is often seen in those with Emphysema.

A

Barrel

65
Q

Barrel Chest

A

caused by years of having extra air trapped in Lung tissue

66
Q

________ _______ is caused by years of having extra air trapped in Lung tissue.

A

Barrel Chest

67
Q

Emphysema

A

damaged Alveoli; COPD form

68
Q

In Emphysema, ______ damages Alveoli.

A

toxins

69
Q

2 Emphysema S&S:

A
  • problems “catching breath”
  • shallow/rapid beathing
70
Q

____________ results from damage Alveoli.

A

Emphysema

71
Q

Influenza & Covid can cause serious illness in ________ people.

A

older

72
Q

Influenza

A

acute respiratory infection caused by influenza virus

73
Q

Influenza is an acute respiratory infection caused by ___________ virus.

A

influenza

74
Q

7 Influenza S&S:

A
  • sore throat
  • dry cough
  • stuffy nose
  • headache
  • body aches
  • weakness
  • fever
75
Q

Older people, very young children, & those with chronic illnesses who contract Influenza are at risk for developing serious complications, like extremely severe _______________.

A

Pneumonia

76
Q

__________ infections can be treated with antibiotics.

A

Bacterial

77
Q

3 Asthma Attack triggers:

A

cold weather
stress
exercise

78
Q

cold weather
stress
exercise

are 3 triggers that can cause an _______ attack.

A

Asthma

79
Q

COPD’s leading cause is ___________.

A

smoking

80
Q

COPD stands for . . .

A

. . . Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

81
Q

COPD refers to 2 related lung disorders:

A

Emphysema & Chronic Bronchitis

82
Q

Chronic Bronchitis affects Bronchi & Bronchioles, & its associated with production of _________ secretion amounts.

A

excessive

83
Q

3 Chronic Bronchitis S&S:

A
  • Productive Cough
  • chest tightness
  • frequent respiratory tract infects
84
Q

Bronchitis can cause a ___, _____________ Cough that sounds like a bark.

A

dry, Nonproductive

85
Q

Both _______ & ______ Bronchitis can turn into ____________ if bronchial infection isn’t treated promptly.

A

bacterial, viral, Pneumonia

86
Q

Asthma

A

Bronchi & Bronchioles constriction

87
Q

A condition that causes Bronchi & Bronchioles constriction is called _____________.

A

Asthma

88
Q

An acute Asthma Attack is usually treated with inhaled medications called ________________.

A

Bronchodilators

89
Q

Bronchodilators

A

stop muscle spasms responsible for airways’ constriction

90
Q

Cyanosis

A

bluish skin resulting from decreased oxygen levels in blood

91
Q

_____________ is bluish skin resulting from decreased oxygen levels in blood.

A

Cyanosis

92
Q

“Common Cold” is cause by ______ different _____ types.

A

many, virus

93
Q

Many different virus types can cause “___________ _____”.

A

Common Cold

94
Q

“Common Cold” usually only affects ______ Respiratory Tract.

A

Upper

95
Q

3 methods to diagnose Lung cancer:

A
  • radiologic studies
  • bronchoscopy
  • surgery
96
Q

Radiologic Studies

A

allow doctor to see tumor without entering body

97
Q

__________ Studies allow doctor to see tumor without entering body.

A

Radiologic

98
Q

4 Radiologic Studies:

A
  • chest x-rays
  • computed tomography (CT) scans
  • nuclear medicine scans (lung scans)
  • magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans
99
Q
  • chest x-rays
  • computed tomography (CT) scans
  • nuclear medicine scans (lung scans)
  • magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans

are 4 examples of ____________ Studies.

A

Radiologic

100
Q

_________ is the riskiest method used to diagnose Lung cancer.

A

Surgery

101
Q

Surgery is the _________ method used to diagnose Lung cancer.

A

riskiest

102
Q
  • radiologic studies
  • bronchoscopy
  • surgery

are . . .

A

. . . 3 methods to diagnose Lung cancer.

103
Q

After Lung surgery, P/R might have _______ inserted into chest cavity for several _____ after procedure to remove blood & fluid & help keep Lungs ________ properly.

A

drain, days, expanded

104
Q

Because oxygen therapy can dry person’s mouth or nose, moisture is often added to supplemental oxygen using a __________ ________.

A

Humidifier Bottle

105
Q

Move ____________ portable oxygen tanks with caution.

A

pressurized

106
Q

Pressurized Oxygen Tanks contain oxygen under _________.

A

pressure

107
Q

_________ __________, a source of supplemental oxygen, is often used in home healthcare setting.

A

Oxygen Concentrator

108
Q

__________ _________ are devices that take in room air & filter out nitrogen, leaving behind pure oxygen.

A

Oxygen Concentrator

109
Q

Oxygen Concentrator

A

devices that take in room air and filter out the nitrogen, leaving behind pure oxygen

110
Q

Wall-Mounted Delivery Systems

A

pipe oxygen into room from central location

111
Q

____-________ Delivery Systems pipe oxygen into room from central location.

A

Wall-Mounted

112
Q

Endotracheal Tube

A

inserted into nose or mouth, extending to Trachea where balloon cuff on end holds it in place & prevents secretions (that drain from mouth) entering respiratory tract

113
Q

______________ ________ are inserted into nose or mouth, extending to Trachea where balloon cuff on end holds it in place & prevents secretions (that drain from mouth) entering respiratory tract.

A

Endotracheal Tubes

114
Q

Because Endotracheal Tube travels through ________, person can’t speak.

A

Larynx

115
Q

Endotracheal Tube makes taking anything by mouth ____________.

A

impossible

116
Q

Person with Endotracheal Tube might need to be __________ to prevent person from pulling it out.

A

restrained

117
Q

Tracheostomy

A

surgically created opening in neck to Trachea; short tube inserted into opening & attached to ventilator tubing

118
Q

Tracheostomy is a surgically created opening in neck to Trachea; short tube inserted into opening & attached to ___________ tubing.

A

ventilator

119
Q

Because suctioning removes air along with bothersome secretions, person can become _______ during suctioning procedure.

A

Hypoxic

120
Q

Hypoxic

A

oxygen deficient

121
Q

Pulse Oximeter

A

monitors blood’s oxygen content by passing infrared light through tissue to sensor on device’s other side (amount of light that reaches sensor translates into measurement of how much oxygen the blood carries

122
Q

Pulse Oximeter monitors blood’s oxygen content by passing ______ light through tissue to sensor on device’s other side (_______ of light that reaches sensor translates into measurement of how much oxygen the blood carries.

A

infrared, amount

123
Q

Normal/Healthy Pulse Oximeter reading:

A

95-100%

124
Q

Pulse Oximeter readings <90% indicate person’s ________ aren’t receiving enough oxygen.

A

tissues

125
Q

Oxygen is a __________ & requires doctor’s order.

A

medication

126
Q

Supplemental Oxygen

A

pure, 100% oxygen

127
Q

Oxygen is usually delivered to P/R at _ to __ L/min.

A

2-15

128
Q

Receiving too much oxygen is as ____ as receiving too little.

A

bad

129
Q

Flow Meter

A

controls oxygen flow rate

130
Q

_____ _____ controls oxygen flow rate.

A

Flow Meter

131
Q

Nasal Cunnula

A

two prongs of soft plastic tubing inserted into nostrils

132
Q

_______ _________ are two prongs of soft plastic tubing inserted into nostrils.

A

Nasal Cannula

133
Q

Facemask

A

soft, molded plastic material that fits over nose & mouth to deliver oxygen

134
Q

A ___________ is a soft, molded plastic material that fits over nose & mouth to deliver oxygen.

A

Facemask

135
Q

Nasopharyngeal Airway

A

soft rubber tube inserted into nose to deliver oxygen

136
Q

________________ Airway is a soft rubber tube inserted into nose to deliver oxygen.

A

Nasopharyngeal

137
Q

Oropharyngeal Airway

A

hard plastic device inserted into mouth to deliver oxygen

138
Q

A hard plastic device inserted into mouth to deliver oxygen is called a ________________ Airway.

A

Oropharyngeal

139
Q

Mechanical Ventilator

A

breathes for person who can’t (breathe on their own)

140
Q

____________ ____________ breathes for person who can’t (breathe on their own).

A

Mechanical Ventilator

141
Q

8 situations where person might need Mechanical Ventilator:

A
  • serious head injury
  • stroke
  • drug overdose
  • spinal cord injury
  • neurologic disorder
  • acute respiratory infections
  • heart attacks
  • during/after surgery.
142
Q

Spinal cord injuries & neurologic disorders can interfere with _____ ______ that cause diaphragm to contract and relax ____________, resulting in need for Mechanical Ventilation.

A

nerve impulses, automatically

143
Q

Serious head injuries, Strokes/CVAs, & drug overdoses can affect breathing control centers in ________, which means regular breathing will no longer occur ______________.

A

brain, automatically

144
Q
A

NUR 110/111 (46 decks)

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