Respiratory System, C31; WB, Flashcards
Module/Week 11
1
Q
_______ are respiration’s main organ.
A
Lungs
2
Q
___________ connects Lungs to Trachea.
A
Bronchus
3
Q
Diaphragm
A
separates chest cavity from abdominal cavity; assists in Ventilation
4
Q
___________ separates chest cavity from abdominal cavity; assists in Ventilation.
A
Diapragm
5
Q
Bronchi
A
Trachea’s split (one to left Lung, one to right)
6
Q
Trachea’s split (one to left Lung, one to right) are called ____________.
A
Bronchi
7
Q
Bronchiole
A
tiniest Bronchi branches
8
Q
__________ are the tiniest Bronchi branches.
A
Bronchiole
9
Q
Larynx
A
responsible for speech
10
Q
___________ is responsible for speech.
A
Larynx
11
Q
__________ covers Larynx when we swallow.
A
Epiglottis
12
Q
Trachea
A
carries air from Larynx to Lungs
13
Q
Trachea carries air from ___________ to ______.
A
Larynx, Lungs
14
Q
“C”-shaped rings of __________ give Trachea characteristic ridged appearance; these cartilage rings support Trachea & keep it ____.
A
cartilage, open
15
Q
Pharynx is in the ______ area.
A
throat
16
Q
_________ allows us to breathe through nose & mouth.
A
Pharynx
17
Q
Pharynx’s 3 sections:
A
Nasopharynx (behind Nasal Cavities)
Oropharynx (behind mouth)
Laryngeal Pharynx (above Larynx)
18
Q
Nasopharynx (behind Nasal Cavities)
Oropharynx (behind mouth)
Laryngeal Pharynx (above Larynx)
are __________ 3 sections.
A
Pharynx’s
19
Q
4 Lower Respiratory tract structures:
A
Trachea
Bronchi
Bronchioles
Lungs
20
Q
Trachea
Bronchi
Bronchioles
Lungs
are 4 structures that make up the . . .
A
. . . Lower Respiratory Tract.
21
Q
Blood vessels in respiratory tract’s mucous membrane transfer ____ ____ to air, ________ it to comfortable temperature.
A
body heat, warming
22
Q
______ ________ in respiratory tract’s mucous membrane transfer body heat to air, warming it to comfortable temperature.
A
Blood vessels
23
Q
Alveoli
A
tiny air sac clusters where gas exchange occurs
24
Q
Tint blood vessel networks surround _________ where Gas Exchange occurs.
A
Alveoli
25
___________ are tiny air sac clusters where gas exchange occurs.
Alveoli
26
Trachea's mucous membrane lining & Bronchi contain millions of _______, tiny hair-like structures.
Cilia
27
Mucus
slippery, sticky substance secreted by special cells
28
_______ is a slippery, sticky substance secreted by special cells.
Mucus
29
Cilia move _________, moving mucus toward _________ so it can be coughed up.
constantly, Pharynx
30
Cilia ____ regain function if paralyzed by tobacco.
can
31
Tobacco smoke chemicals _________ Cilia that line Trachea & Bronchi.
paralyze
32
Laryngitis usually affects ability to ______.
talk/speak
33
Laryngitits
Larynx inflammation
34
Ventilation's 2 phases: inhalation and exhalation
Inhalation & Exhalation
35
___________ Muscles help with respiratory effort by expanding chest cavity's size.
Intercostal
36
________ _________ System (in the brain part called _________) controls breathing depth & rate.
Central Nervous, Medulla
37
Chemoreceptors
monitor carbon dioxide & oxygen levels in blood, adjusting breathing's rate & depth through CNS
38
____________________ monitor carbon dioxide & oxygen levels in blood, adjusting breathing's rate & depth through CNS.
Chemoreceptors
39
For carbon dioxide to be moved from blood stream to air in Lungs, it must be in __________.
Alveolus
40
Toxic substances chronically inhaled _______ Lungs' delicate membranes & airways (& they stay that way).
inflamed
41
3 factors that place older people at higher risk for respiratory infections than younger people:
- less effective immune system
- more severe
- immobility (>weak cough>secretions stay)
42
A person who has become weak (as result of immobility) mayn't be able to cough __________ enough to clear Lungs of secretions, which can lead to developing Pneumonia.
forcefully
43
Pneumonia is associated with a ____________ Cough.
Productive
44
Pneumonia
Lung tissue inflammation
45
Lung tissue inflammation is called _______________.
Pneumonia
46
Pneumonia is _______ Respiratory Tract infection (because it's caused by ___________).
Lower, bacteria
47
NAs ____ allowed to collect sputum specimens for analysis.
are
48
Pleura
membrane lining chest cavity & covering Lungs
49
__________ is the membrane lining chest cavity & covering Lungs.
Pleura
50
Pleurisy
Pleura inflammation
51
Pleura inflammation is called _______.
Pleurisy
52
Pleurisy often accompanies ______ Respiratory Tract infections (Pneumonia).
Lower
53
Sputum & Phlegm are both . . .
. . . the same thing.
54
Phlegm/Sputum
Mucus & other respiratory secretions coughed up from Lungs, Bronchi, & Trachea
55
________/________ is Mucus & other respiratory secretions coughed up from Lungs, Bronchi, & Trachea.
Phlegm/Sputum
56
Hemoptysis
coughing up blood
57
Coughing up blood is called ___________.
hemoptysis
58
Hemothorax
occurs when blood builds up in space between Lungs & chest wall
59
__________ bleeding (from chest injury or Lung tissue rupture) can cause Hemothorax
Internal
60
_____________ occurs when blood builds up in space between Lungs & chest wall.
Hemothorax
61
Pneumothorax
occurs when air builds up in space between Lungs & chest wall
62
A ____________ chest wound can cause air to be drawn into chest cavity through wound.
penetrating
63
____________________ occurs when air builds up in space between Lungs & chest wall.
Pneumothorax
64
_______ Chest is often seen in those with Emphysema.
Barrel
65
Barrel Chest
caused by years of having extra air trapped in Lung tissue
66
________ _______ is caused by years of having extra air trapped in Lung tissue.
Barrel Chest
67
Emphysema
damaged Alveoli; COPD form
68
In Emphysema, ______ damages Alveoli.
toxins
69
2 Emphysema S&S:
- problems "catching breath"
- shallow/rapid beathing
70
____________ results from damage Alveoli.
Emphysema
71
Influenza & Covid can cause serious illness in ________ people.
older
72
Influenza
acute respiratory infection caused by influenza virus
73
Influenza is an acute respiratory infection caused by ___________ virus.
influenza
74
7 Influenza S&S:
- sore throat
- dry cough
- stuffy nose
- headache
- body aches
- weakness
- fever
75
Older people, very young children, & those with chronic illnesses who contract Influenza are at risk for developing serious complications, like extremely severe _______________.
Pneumonia
76
__________ infections can be treated with antibiotics.
Bacterial
77
3 Asthma Attack triggers:
cold weather
stress
exercise
78
cold weather
stress
exercise
are 3 triggers that can cause an _______ attack.
Asthma
79
COPD's leading cause is ___________.
smoking
80
COPD stands for . . .
. . . Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.
81
COPD refers to 2 related lung disorders:
Emphysema & Chronic Bronchitis
82
Chronic Bronchitis affects Bronchi & Bronchioles, & its associated with production of _________ secretion amounts.
excessive
83
3 Chronic Bronchitis S&S:
- Productive Cough
- chest tightness
- frequent respiratory tract infects
84
Bronchitis can cause a ___, _____________ Cough that sounds like a bark.
dry, Nonproductive
85
Both _______ & ______ Bronchitis can turn into ____________ if bronchial infection isn't treated promptly.
bacterial, viral, Pneumonia
86
Asthma
Bronchi & Bronchioles constriction
87
A condition that causes Bronchi & Bronchioles constriction is called _____________.
Asthma
88
An acute Asthma Attack is usually treated with inhaled medications called ________________.
Bronchodilators
89
Bronchodilators
stop muscle spasms responsible for airways' constriction
90
Cyanosis
bluish skin resulting from decreased oxygen levels in blood
91
_____________ is bluish skin resulting from decreased oxygen levels in blood.
Cyanosis
92
"Common Cold" is cause by ______ different _____ types.
many, virus
93
Many different virus types can cause "___________ _____".
Common Cold
94
“Common Cold” usually only affects ______ Respiratory Tract.
Upper
95
3 methods to diagnose Lung cancer:
- radiologic studies
- bronchoscopy
- surgery
96
Radiologic Studies
allow doctor to see tumor without entering body
97
__________ Studies allow doctor to see tumor without entering body.
Radiologic
98
4 Radiologic Studies:
- chest x-rays
- computed tomography (CT) scans
- nuclear medicine scans (lung scans)
- magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans
99
- chest x-rays
- computed tomography (CT) scans
- nuclear medicine scans (lung scans)
- magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans
are 4 examples of ____________ Studies.
Radiologic
100
_________ is the riskiest method used to diagnose Lung cancer.
Surgery
101
Surgery is the _________ method used to diagnose Lung cancer.
riskiest
102
- radiologic studies
- bronchoscopy
- surgery
are . . .
. . . 3 methods to diagnose Lung cancer.
103
After Lung surgery, P/R might have _______ inserted into chest cavity for several _____ after procedure to remove blood & fluid & help keep Lungs ________ properly.
drain, days, expanded
104
Because oxygen therapy can dry person’s mouth or nose, moisture is often added to supplemental oxygen using a __________ ________.
Humidifier Bottle
105
Move ____________ portable oxygen tanks with caution.
pressurized
106
Pressurized Oxygen Tanks contain oxygen under _________.
pressure
107
_________ __________, a source of supplemental oxygen, is often used in home healthcare setting.
Oxygen Concentrator
108
__________ _________ are devices that take in room air & filter out nitrogen, leaving behind pure oxygen.
Oxygen Concentrator
109
Oxygen Concentrator
devices that take in room air and filter out the nitrogen, leaving behind pure oxygen
110
Wall-Mounted Delivery Systems
pipe oxygen into room from central location
111
____-________ Delivery Systems pipe oxygen into room from central location.
Wall-Mounted
112
Endotracheal Tube
inserted into nose or mouth, extending to Trachea where balloon cuff on end holds it in place & prevents secretions (that drain from mouth) entering respiratory tract
113
______________ ________ are inserted into nose or mouth, extending to Trachea where balloon cuff on end holds it in place & prevents secretions (that drain from mouth) entering respiratory tract.
Endotracheal Tubes
114
Because Endotracheal Tube travels through ________, person can't speak.
Larynx
115
Endotracheal Tube makes taking anything by mouth ____________.
impossible
116
Person with Endotracheal Tube might need to be __________ to prevent person from pulling it out.
restrained
117
Tracheostomy
surgically created opening in neck to Trachea; short tube inserted into opening & attached to ventilator tubing
118
Tracheostomy is a surgically created opening in neck to Trachea; short tube inserted into opening & attached to ___________ tubing.
ventilator
119
Because suctioning removes air along with bothersome secretions, person can become _______ during suctioning procedure.
Hypoxic
120
Hypoxic
oxygen deficient
121
Pulse Oximeter
monitors blood's oxygen content by passing infrared light through tissue to sensor on device's other side (amount of light that reaches sensor translates into measurement of how much oxygen the blood carries
122
Pulse Oximeter monitors blood's oxygen content by passing ______ light through tissue to sensor on device's other side (_______ of light that reaches sensor translates into measurement of how much oxygen the blood carries.
infrared, amount
123
Normal/Healthy Pulse Oximeter reading:
95-100%
124
Pulse Oximeter readings <90% indicate person’s ________ aren't receiving enough oxygen.
tissues
125
Oxygen is a __________ & requires doctor’s order.
medication
126
Supplemental Oxygen
pure, 100% oxygen
127
Oxygen is usually delivered to P/R at _ to __ L/min.
2-15
128
Receiving too much oxygen is as ____ as receiving too little.
bad
129
Flow Meter
controls oxygen flow rate
130
_____ _____ controls oxygen flow rate.
Flow Meter
131
Nasal Cunnula
two prongs of soft plastic tubing inserted into nostrils
132
_______ _________ are two prongs of soft plastic tubing inserted into nostrils.
Nasal Cannula
133
Facemask
soft, molded plastic material that fits over nose & mouth to deliver oxygen
134
A ___________ is a soft, molded plastic material that fits over nose & mouth to deliver oxygen.
Facemask
135
Nasopharyngeal Airway
soft rubber tube inserted into nose to deliver oxygen
136
________________ Airway is a soft rubber tube inserted into nose to deliver oxygen.
Nasopharyngeal
137
Oropharyngeal Airway
hard plastic device inserted into mouth to deliver oxygen
138
A hard plastic device inserted into mouth to deliver oxygen is called a ________________ Airway.
Oropharyngeal
139
Mechanical Ventilator
breathes for person who can't (breathe on their own)
140
____________ ____________ breathes for person who can't (breathe on their own).
Mechanical Ventilator
141
8 situations where person might need Mechanical Ventilator:
- serious head injury
- stroke
- drug overdose
- spinal cord injury
- neurologic disorder
- acute respiratory infections
- heart attacks
- during/after surgery.
142
Spinal cord injuries & neurologic disorders can interfere with _____ ______ that cause diaphragm to contract and relax ____________, resulting in need for Mechanical Ventilation.
nerve impulses, automatically
143
Serious head injuries, Strokes/CVAs, & drug overdoses can affect breathing control centers in ________, which means regular breathing will no longer occur ______________.
brain, automatically
144
