Common Communicable Disease & Transmission In Healthcare Settings, C11; WB, P-LQ

Question 1

Bacteria are the cause of most common diseases spread by _______ in the health care setting.

Answer 1

contact

Question 2

The most common direct contact transmission occurs from the health care workers’ _____.

Answer 2

hands

Question 3

The most common _______ _______ transmission occurs from the health care workers’ hands

Answer 3

direct contact

Question 4

Vancomycin-resistant enterococcus & Clostridium difficile can be spread through _______ transmission is a healthcare setting from _______ with contaminated poop.

Answer 4

contact x2

Question 5

______ ______ is semi/liquid substances produced by body.

Answer 5

Body Fluid

Question 6

Body Fluid

Answer 6

semi/liquid substances produced by body

Question 7

14 Body Fluid examples:

Answer 7

urine & feces
vomitus
saliva
wounds, drainage, & blood
sweat
semen & vaginal secretions
tears
cerebrospinal fluid
amniotic fluid & breast milk

Question 8

Bloodborne Pathogen

Answer 8

disease-producing Microbe transmitted to person by blood or other Body Fluids with the Microbe

Question 9

A ____________ Pathogen is a disease-producing Microbe transmitted to person by blood or other Body Fluids with the Microbe.

Answer 9

Bloodborne

Question 10

_________ ______ __________ __________ mandates employers to offer free of charge to employees Hepatitis B vaccines.

Answer 10

Occupational Safety & Health Administration

Question 11

We have a Hepatitis __ vaccine.

Answer 11

B

Question 12

Hepatitis B is a ____borne disease.

Answer 12

blood

Question 13

Having ______________ ____ is the most common cause of Hepatitis B/HIV transmission.

Answer 13

unprotected sex

with someone who’s infected

Question 14

Bloodborne Pathogens can be transmitted by ________ (puncture wounds caused by used hypodermic needles).

Answer 14

needlesticks

Question 15

Bloodborne Pathogens can be transmitted by _____ from contaminated, broken glass (such as that from a broken blood tube).

Answer 15

cuts

Question 16

Bloodborne Pathogens can be transmitted by ______ contact between infected blood & broken skin, mucous membranes, or eyes.

Answer 16

direct

Question 17

Bloodborne Pathogens can be transmitted by _________ intercourse.

Answer 17

sexual

Question 18

Bloodborne Pathogens can be transmitted by blood ___________.

Answer 18

transfusions

Question 19

Hepatitis A transmits by ____-_____ route.

Answer 19

oral-fecal

Question 20

Hepatitis C Virus is a Bloodborne Pathogen that can lead to C_____, _____ failure, or liver c_____.

Answer 20

Cirrhosis, liver, cancer

Question 21

6 most common diseases from Bloodborne Pathogens:

Answer 21

• Hepatitis B & C
• HIV (causes AIDS)
• Malaria
• Syphilis
• Ebola

Question 22

• Hepatitis B & C
• HIV (causes AIDS)
• Malaria
• Syphilis
• Ebola

are all ______________ Pathogens.

Answer 22

Bloodborne

Question 23

HBV stands for . . .

Answer 23

. . . Hepatitis B Virus.

Question 24

H_V is only in those already infected with H_V.

Answer 24

D, B

Question 25

HIV causes ___ (acronym).

Answer 25

AIDS

Question 26

HBV can be transmitted through _______ blood transfusion blood or blood products, across the _______ from birthing parent to infant, through ___________ sexual intercourse, _______ drainage, & _______ milk.

Answer 26

infected, placenta, unprotected, wound, breast

Question 27

One with HIV Antibodies is HIV _________.

Answer 27

positive

Question 28

Bruises/dark bumps that don't heal are called ______ ______.

Answer 28

Kaposi's Sarcoma

Question 29

Dysphagia

Answer 29

painful/difficult swallowing

Question 30

Painful/difficult swallowing is called __________.

Answer 30

Dysphagia

Question 31

If person acquires HIV within past 3-6 months & is tested for HIV, the test ____ be positive.

Answer 31

won't

Question 32

No ____ exists for AIDS.

Answer 32

cure

Question 33

HIV invades/destroys _ _____.

Answer 33

T Cells

Question 34

HIV is transmitted from one person to another through body fluids, such as blood, semen, and v________ secretions.

Answer 34

vaginal

Question 35

A person can have HIV & ________ develop AIDS.

Answer 35

never

Question 36

17 S&S of HIV:

Answer 36

- appetite loss - nausea - vomiting - diarrhea - weight loss - fever (with or without night sweats) - Dysphagia - fatigue - swollen lymph nodes in neck, armpits, & groin - cough - recurrent Pneumonia episodes - sores/white patches in mouth - Kaposi’s sarcoma - forgetfulness - confusion - Dementia - vision loss

Question 37

3 most common behaviors/situations that increase risk for becoming infected with HIV:

Answer 37

- unprotected sex - needle sharing - tissue transplant/blood transfusion

Question 38

T Cell

Answer 38

WBC; plays role in immune response to invading Pathogens

Question 39

As HIV virus count __________, T Cell count __________.

Answer 39

increases, decreases

Question 40

HIV is considered AIDS when . . .

Answer 40

. . . one's immune system can't fight off infections/malignancies; one develops more health problems (like cancer).

Question 41

5 OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens Standards:

Answer 41

- risk training - Hepatitis B vaccine - PPE - Exposure Control Plan - environmental control plan

Question 42

Exposure Control Plan

Answer 42

states what to do if employee is exposed to blood/other body fluids while working

Question 43

Exposure Control Plan states what to do if employee is exposed to ______/other body _________ while working.

Answer 43

blood, fluids

Question 44

Airborne Pathogens

Answer 44

disease-producing microbes transmitted through air

Question 45

_________ Pathogens are disease-producing microbes transmitted through air.

Answer 45

Airborne

Question 46

Airborne Pathogens are spread by . . .

Answer 46

. . . saliva/sputum that dries in the air & is breathed by another person.

Question 47

5 infections/diseases Airborne Pathogens can cause:

Answer 47

measles chickenpox SARS smallpox TB

Question 48

Measles, Chickenpox, SARS, Smallpox, & TB are all ____________ Pathogens.

Answer 48

Airborne

Question 49

The body fluid ______ would contain Tuberculosis.

Answer 49

Sputum

Question 50

Tuberculosis is diagnosed with a ______ _-___.

Answer 50

chest x-ray

Question 51

Tuberculosis

Answer 51

bacterium-caused; usually infects lungs, can infect kidneys or bones

Question 52

_____________ is bacterium-caused; usually infects lungs, can infect kidneys or bones.

Answer 52

Tuberculosis

Question 53

NAs us __________ ___________ to prevent disease Transmission when caring for every P/R.

Answer 53

Standard Precautions

Question 54

All precautions for preventing TB Transmission ____ be implemented until it is known for certain P/R is/n't infected.

Answer 54

need

Question 55

TB cases have increased because strains have become resistant to __________, making the _____________ less effective.

Answer 55

antibiotics x2

Question 56

TB cases have increased because people with I______________ Syndromes (like AIDS) are at higher risk for infections (like TB), & more people have I_____________ Syndromes.

Answer 56

Immunodeficiency

Question 57

TB cases have increased because more people are ____________ to "developing" nations.

Answer 57

traveling

Question 58

TB cases are up because people who live in _________ conditions or lack easy access to medical care (like the homeless in shelters), are at increased risk for TB.

Answer 58

crowded

Question 59

Carrier

Answer 59

infected person with virus that never develops Symptoms

Question 60

A Carrier is an infected person with virus that never develops s_____________.

Answer 60

symptoms

Question 61

It is the employee's responsibility to report any ________ incidents to their employer, who will arrange for medical tests and treatment.

Answer 61

exposure

Question 62

___________ & ___ (acronym) pose the greatest occupational risk to hcp in most countries.

Answer 62

Hepatitis, HIV