Communicable Disease, C10; WB, P-LQ Flashcards
Week/Module 5, 9/25-30
___________ is the process that involves pathogen movement from one person to another.
Transmission
Transmission
process that involves pathogen movement from one person to another
A _________ (in the Infection Chain) includes humans, animals, food, water, milk, and objects that come in contact with an infected person’s secretions/body fluid/s.
Reservoir
All Communicables ___ Contagious.
___ all Contagiouses are Communicable.
are, Not
If a disease is Contagious, it can be transmitted through _______ contact.
casual
Communicable Disease
can be spread from one person to another in/directly
A ______________ Disease is one that can be spread from one person to another.
Communicable
A Communicable Disease is one that can be spread from one _______ to __________.
person, another
In this class, ______ are considered a Microbe.
Viruses
In this class, Viruses are consider a _______.
Microbe
A ________ causes chickenpox.
virus
Staphylococcus aureus is a ______ bacterium arranged in _______
round, clusters
staphylo-
clusters, grape-like
grape-like clusters
staphylo-
cocci
round
bacilli
rod-shaped
rod-shaped
bacilli
spirilla
spiral/curved
spiral/curved
spirilla
diplo-
paired
paired
diplo-
______________ _________ is a round bacterium arrange in clusters.
Staphylococcus aureus
strepto-
chain
Colony
bacteria group
A bacteria group is called a _____.
Colony
A _____________ causes strep throat.
bacterium
Streptococcus pyogenes (most likely) causes _______ Throat.
Strep
______________ ____________ (most likely) causes Strep Throat.
Streptococcus pyogenes
_____________ is used to make beer.
Yeast
__________ can generally be classified as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites.
Microbes
Microbes can generally be classified as _______, ______, _______, or _______.
bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites
Viruses ____ complete cells.
aren’t
Pyrogy
Virus copies
A __________ causes Creutzfeldt–Jakob Disease.
Prion
A Prion causes C_____________-J_____ Disease.
Creutzfeldt–Jakob
Parasite
live in/on host, using that host for food protection
A Parasite (more specifically, a _______) causes Malaria.
Protozoa
Protozoa are P_________.
Parasites
A ________ (more specifically, a Protozoa) causes Malaria.
Parasite
__________ live in/on host, using that host for food protection.
Parasites
Scabies is an _____ _____ condition.
itchy skin
Scabies is caused by a _____ that ________ ______ skin.
mite, burrows under
_________ is an itchy skin condition; caused by mite that burrows under skin.
Scabies
Pediculosis is another word for ____.
lice.
Lice is another word for ___________.
Pediculosis
Pediculosis/Lice is caused by wingless insects that live on the _____ or _____ & feed on host’s _____.
scalp, body, blood
________ is a group of plant-like organisms that ‘re classified together due to their cell wall.
Fungus
4 fungal infection examples:
Ringworm
Athlete’s Foot
Thrush
Candidiasis
Ringworm is caused by _____ ______.
Tinea corporis
Tinea Corporis causes ___________.
Ringworm
Athlete’s Foot is caused by _____ _______.
Tinea pedis
Tinea pedis causes _______ _____.
Athelete’s Foot
Thrush is a _____ infection in the _____.
yeast, mouth
______ is a yeast infection in the mouth.
Thrush
Candidiasis is a vaginal ____ infection.
yeast
__________ is a vaginal yeast infection.
Candidiasis
A ________ (transmitted by ticks & fleas) causes Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever.
bacteria
____ & ___ have a bacterium that causes Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever.
Ticks & Fleas
A _____ causes the Common Cold.
Virus
RMDF stands for . . .
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever.
___________ cause UTIs.
Bacteria
___________ cause Strep Throat, RMSF, & UTIs.
Bacteria
________ cause Hepatitis.
Viruses
___________ cause AIDS.
Viruses
3 illness caused by Viruses:
Common Cold
Hepatitis
AIDS
AIDS stands for . . .
. . . Acquired ImmunoDeficiency Syndrome.
__________ cause Athlete’s Foot/Tinea Pedis & Ringworm/Tinea Corporis.
Fungi
____________ cause Malaria & Lice/Pediculosis.
Parasites
A Pinworm is a ___________.
Parasite
____________ cause Amebic Dysentery.
Parasites
_____________ __________ is diarrhea caused by drinking water contaminated with Protozoa.
Amebic Dysentery
Tapeworms are P_________.
Parasites
Normal Flora
harmless Microbes that live on/in us
________ _____ are harmless Microbes that live on/in us
Normal Flora
Pathogen
Microbe; can cause illness
Opportunistic Microbes
bacteria type; normally lives in digestive tract; if in any other body area (other than intestines), can change from harmless to pathogenic
An Opportunistic Microbe is a __________ type; normally lives in _________ tract; if in any other body area (other than intestines), can change from _________ to pathogenic.
bacteria, digestive, harmless
Given the chance, ____________ _________ can change from harmless to pathogenic.
Opportunistic Microbes
Some types of bacteria can surround themselves with a protective shell, called an __________.
Endospore
When some bacteria enter a state of inactivity, they use an __________ for protection.
Endospore
Endospore
bacterium’s protective casing against undesirable conditions
If the inactive bacterium’s best growing conditions become available, the bacterium will become ______ again.
active
Endospores can make killing the bacteria difficult using s___________ i__________ control methods.
standard infection
Tetanus (Lockjaw) & Botulism (food poisoning) are examples of illness caused by __________ that form Endospores.
bacteria
__________ bacteria need oxygen to live.
Aerobic
_____________ bacteria die if oxygen is present.
Anaerobic
Nonspecific Defense Mechanism
healthy, intact skin & mucous membranes
______________ Defense __________ is healthy, intact skin & mucous membranes.
Nonspecific, Mechanism
Mucous membranes protect from infectious pathogens by . . .
. . . secreting a sticky substance that traps/destroys pathogens.
Healthy, intact skin physically prevents most p_______________ from entering the body.
pathogens
Coughing & sneezing is a N____________ D___________ M_____________.
Nonspecific Defense Mechanism
Immune System
defense system; protects us from infection
Immune System is a _______ system that protects us from __________.
defense, infection
Antibiotic
medication able to kill bacteria or make reproducing/growing difficult for them
An __________ is a medication able to kill bacteria or make reproducing/growing difficult for them.
Antibiotic
Antibiotics are m______________.
medications
____ all Antibiotics remain effective in eradicating the bacteria for which they are intended.
Not
Antibodies are S_________ D__________ M__________.
Specific Defense Mechanisms
The Immune System can develop specialized proteins called __________, which help our bodies fight off specific Microbes.
Antibodies
Antibodies
specialized proteins made by Immune System that fight specific Microbes
Antibodies are s_________ to certain Microbes, meaning we can have Antibodies for certain illness & not others.
specific
MRSA stands for . . .
. . . Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
VRE stands for . . .
. . . Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus.
MDRO stands for . . .
. . . MultiDrug-Resistant Organism.
MRSA & VRE are __________-__________ Organisms.
MultiDrug-Resistant
C. diff is short for . . .
. . . Clostridium difficile.
____________ __________ is a major cause of health care–associated diarrhea.
Clostridium difficile
Clostridium difficile is a major cause of healthcare-associated ___________.
diarrhea
In response to a Pathogen breaching body’s 1st defense line (NDM), blood vessels (around the infection site) ______, allowing ____ blood flow to the area.
widen/dilate, more
More blood flow to an infection site brings more o_______, n_________, & L_________ to the area.
oxygen, nutrients, Leukocytes
A person with an infection would have the following 5 S&S:
red, warm, swollen, painful, immobile
A person fighting off an infection may have a ____ body temperature, or a ________, or be _______.
high, Fever, Febrile
The A_________ b____ u_ following a case of Measles or Chickenpox are the reason most of us only get these “childhood diseases” once.
Antibody build up
Living organisms that transmit Pathogens are called __________.
Vectors
Vectors
living organisms that transmit Pathogens
Fomite
nonliving object contaminated/soiled by Pathogens
A __________ is a nonliving object contaminated/soiled by Pathogens.
Fomite
Dirty bed sheets is an example of a F_______.
Fomite
Intact, healthy skin ___ an Entry Portal.
isn’t
Infection Chain
elements needed for one to become sick
Infection Chain’s 6 links:
Pathogen
Reservoir
Exit Portal
Transmission Method
Entry Portal
Susceptible Host
A ___________ is a Microbe that can cause illness.
Pathogen
Reservoir
suitable place for pathogen’s survival
A ___________ is a suitable place for pathogen’s survival.
Reservoir
Exit Portal
way Pathogen leaves Reservoir
An _____ _______ is a way Pathogen leaves Reservoir.
Exit Portal
Transmission Method
a way of physically getting from one person to another; direct or indirect
_____________ Method is a way of physically moving from one person to another.
Transmission
Transmission Methods can be _______ or ___________.
direct, indirect
Entry Portal
way of entering new person’s body
An ______ ______ is a way of entering new person’s body.
Entry Portal
Susceptible Host
living organism that Pathogen can invade/infect
Infection is a Pathogen-caused _______.
illness
____________ is a Pathogen-caused illness
Infection
Indwelling Medical Device
inserted into body
Catheters, IV lines, & feeding tubes are examples of ___________ ________ Devices.
Indwelling
______________ are the most common cause of Nosocomial Infections.
Bacteria
Bacteria are the most common cause for N_____________ Infections.
Nosocomial
Virulence
Pathogen’s strength/disease-producing potential
Pathogen’s strength/disease-producing potential is called V__________.
Virulence
Increased confusion or disorientation may be signs of _________.
infection
A Reservoir (in Infection Chain) could include humans & _______, food, water, milk, __________ that come in contact with infected person’s secretions or body fluid(s).
animals, objects
Most bacteria that can cause illness need a ____ (temperature), _____ (humidity), _____ (light level) environment with a __________ (food) source to grow.
warm, moist, dark, nutrition
The most common Transmission method for hospital-acquired infections is the _____ of HCP.
hands
